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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2017-09-18 ENR Packet AGENDA CITY OF MAPLEWOOD ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION Monday, September 18, 2017 7:00 p.m. Council Chambers - Maplewood City Hall 1830 County Road B East 1. Call to Order 2. Roll Call 3. Approval of Agenda 4. Approval of Minutes: a. July 17, 2017 b. August 21, 2017 5. New Business 6. Unfinished Business a. Comp Plan 2040 Resiliency Chapter Review 7. Visitor Presentations 8. Commissioner Presentations 9. Staff Presentations a. Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Terms and Appointment b. Update on Maplewood Community Center Solar Panels c. Update on Community Solar Garden Subscription Agreement d. Update on Rush Line e. Fall Clean Up Campaign Four Weeks in October f. Nature Center Programs 10. Adjourn Agenda Item 4.a. MINUTES CITY OF MAPLEWOOD ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION 7:00 p.m., Monday, July 17, 2017 Council Chambers, City Hall 1830 County Road B East 1. CALL TO ORDER A meeting of the Environmental and Natural Resources Commission was called to order at 7:05 p.m. by Chair Palzer. 2. ROLL CALL Keith Buttleman, Commissioner Present Mollie Miller, Commissioner Present until 8:35 p.m. Ann Palzer, Chair Present Ted Redmond, Commissioner Present Ryan Ries, Vice Chair Absent Tom Sinn, Commissioner Present Staff Present Shann Finwall, Environmental Planner 3. APPROVAL OF AGENDA Commissioner Miller moved to approve the agenda as submitted. Seconded by Commissioner Sinn. Ayes All The motion passed. 4. APPROVAL OF MINUTES Commissioner Miller requested an amendment to the minutes on page 2, item 8 a. adding Commissioner Miller stated that the commission should also consider recommending the city sign onto the Compact of Mayors, which is a global initiative to reduce emissions. Commissioner Redmond moved to approve the June 19, 2017, Environmental and Natural Resources Commission meeting minutes as amended. Seconded by Commissioner Miller. Ayes All The motion passed. 5.NEW BUSINESS a. 2040 Comprehensive Plan Overview i. Environmental Planner, Shann Finwall gave an overview of the 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The Environmental and Natural Resources Commission will review Chapter 3 Sustainability (now called the Resiliency Chapter) and Chapter 7 Natural Resources. The Commission should make recommendations on changes or new language for the chapters by October. The Commissions July 17, 2017 1 Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Meeting Minutes recommendations will then be forwarded to the Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee.Thedraft ComprehensivePlanisscheduledfor completioninearly spring, at which time it is forwarded to the Metropolitan Council and surrounding communities for review. The final plan must be adopted by the end of 2018. Environmental Planner Finwall indicated that Natural Resources Coordinator Gaynor would be present during the August Commission meeting to review the Natural Resources Chapter. That chapter was developed with the assistance of ecologists from Applied Ecological Services. Much of that chapter is still relevant. The Commission created a Comprehensive Plan Subcommittee to be made up of three Commissioners that will review and research the new Resiliency Chapter. Commissioners Miller, Redmond, and Sinn were appointed to the subcommittee. The subcommittee will present research and findings and offer draft language for review by the full Commission. 6.UNFINISHED BUSINESS a. Urban Agriculture Zoning Review i. Environmental Planner, Shann Finwall gave the update on the Urban Agriculture. During tonights meeting the commission will finalize the review of crop agriculture and begin discussions on direct consumer sales. The ENR Commission finalized their review of crop agriculture and began discussions on direct to consumer sales. Staff will bring back changes to the Commission for review and approval. The urban agriculture zoning review is scheduled to be complete by the end of the year. 7.VISITOR PRESENTATIONS None present. 8.COMMISSION PRESENTATIONS None. 9.STAFF PRESENTATIONS a. Emerald Ash Borer Update The ENR Commission reviewed a plan in 2011 which was adapted by the City Council. The Natural Resources Coordinator, Ginny Gaynor will be addressing the ENR commission in August to give an update on the Emerald Ash Borer policy and be looking for input from the ENR Commission. b. Capital Improvement Plan - Tuesday, July 18, 2017, 7 p.m. During the Planning Commission Meeting there will be a public hearing about the CIP Plan. The City Council will make the final decision on the CIP in December 2017. c. National Night Out Tuesday, August 1, 2017 Tuesday, August 1, 2017, from 5 to 9 p.m. is National Night Out. Many neighborhoods throughout Maplewood will be hosting a variety of special events such as block parties, July 17, 2017 2 Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Meeting Minutes cookouts, mini carnivals and visits from police and fire personnel. Contact the Maplewood PoliceDepartmentorvisit thewebsiteat www.maplewoodmn.govclickontheNational Night out image for information on how to participate. If there are any volunteers contact staff. d. Master Water Stewards Tuesday, August 8, 2017 The master water stewards is recruiting the next cohort of stewards. The fresh water society developed the master water stewards program in 2013 to equip citizens with the knowledge and skills needed to improve water quality at the grass roots level. You volunteer 50 hours of community service in the initial year of certificate, at least 25 hours each subsequent year and attend 8 hours of continuing education to maintain the certification. Go to the website www.masterwatershedstewards.org for more information on this program. e. Nature Center Programs Environmental Planner, Shann Finwall presented the upcoming Nature Center Programs. For more information contact the Maplewood Nature Center at (651) 249-2170. 10. ADJOURNMENT Chair Palzer adjourned the meeting at 8:40 p.m. July 17, 2017 3 Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Meeting Minutes Agenda Item 4.b. MINUTES CITY OF MAPLEWOOD ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION 7:00 p.m., Monday, August 21, 2017 Council Chambers, City Hall 1830 County Road B East 1. CALL TO ORDER A meeting of the Environmental and Natural Resources Commission was called to order at 7:00 p.m. by Chair Palzer. 2. ROLL CALL Keith Buttleman, Commissioner Absent Mollie Miller, Commissioner Absent Ann Palzer, Chair Present Ted Redmond, Commissioner Absent Ryan Ries, Vice Chair Present Tom Sinn, Commissioner Present Staff Present Shann Finwall, Environmental Planner Ginny Gaynor, Natural Resources Coordinator Audra Robbins, Parks and Recreation Manager There was no quorum for the ENR Meeting. The meeting was informational. 3. APPROVAL OF AGENDA Without a quorum the agenda was not voted on and items were discussed informationally. 4. APPROVAL OF MINUTES Due to a lack of quorum the commission could not vote on the approval of the July 17, 2017 ENR Commission minutes. Approval of minutes will be carried over into the September meeting. 5.NEW BUSINESS a. Wakefield Lake Water Quality Public Meeting (7 to 8 p.m.) i. Environmental Planner, Shann Finwall introduced the item and the speaker for the Wakefield Lake Water Quality presentation. ii. Erin Anderson Wenz, Barr Engineering, addressed the commission and gave the presentation for the Wakefield Lake Water Quality. iii. Paige Ahlborg, Ramsey Washington Metro Watershed District, was present and available for questions at the meeting. Six Maplewood residents addressed the commission during the public meeting on the Wakefield Lake Water Quality issues. Mark Bradley, Maplewood Rebecca Ketter, Maplewood Nancy Monpettit, Maplewood Kevin Berglund, Maplewood August 21, 2017 1 Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Meeting Minutes No action was required for this meeting. b. Comp Plan 2040 Natural Resources Chapter Review i. Natural Resources Coordinator, Ginny Gaynor addressed the commission regarding the Comp Plan 2040 and discussed the Natural Resources Chapter Review. The draft will go on to the steering committee in November and the city council will be reviewing this at the end of the year. c. Emerald Ash Borer Update i. Natural Resources Coordinator, Ginny Gaynor addressed the commission regarding the Emerald Ash Borer Update. 6.UNFINISHED BUSINESS None. 7.VISITOR PRESENTATIONS Maplewood resident, Mark Bradley, addressed the commission regarding a recommendation for the definitions for the greenways including wildlife passages, preserve public, reserve private. He also commented about the Rush Line. 8.COMMISSION PRESENTATIONS a. Comprehensive Plan Subcommittee Resiliency Chapter i. Environmental Planner, Shann Finwall briefly discussed the work the Comprehensive Plan Subcommittee has undertaken on the Resiliency Chapter. Staff will bring an update back to the ENR meeting in September. 9.STAFF PRESENTATIONS a. July 20, 2017, City Council Meeting Review i. Paris Agreement The city council passed a resolution of support for the Paris Agreement. . ii. Community Center Solar Panels - The YMCA leases the Community Center. As part of the lease agreement, the City is required to repair the roof. There are solar panels on the roof that needed to be removed because of the roof repairs. The solar panels are currently in storage until the roof is repaired. Staff will update the commission on this if there are any other changes or updates. b. Energy Fair Harriet Island Park, September 9 and 10, 2017. c. Metro Clean Energy Resource Teams Annual Event University of St. Thomas, September 13, 2017. d. Nature Center Programs i. Ginny Gaynor read the upcoming Nature Center Programs. For more information contact the Maplewood Nature Center at (651) 249-2170. 10. ADJOURNMENT Chair Palzer adjourned the meeting at 9:21 p.m. August 21, 2017 2 Environmental and Natural Resources Commission Meeting Minutes Agenda Item 6.a MEMORANDUM TO: Environmental and Natural Resources Commission FROM: Shann Finwall, AICP, Environmental Planner DATE: September 14, 2017, for the September 19 ENR Commission Meeting SUBJECT: Comp Plan 2040 Resiliency Chapter Review Introduction The Citys 2030 Comprehensive Plan was adopted on January 25, 2010. As required by state law, Maplewood must update its comprehensive plan to meet policies established by the Metropolitan Councs Thrive MSP 2040 policy plans. A Steering Committee made up of City stakeholders has been reviewing various components of the Cits 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The Environmental and Natural Resources (ENR) Commission has been charged with reviewing and proposing updates to the the existing Natural Resources Chapter and drafting the Citys new Resiliency Chapter. Background On March 20, 2017, the Environmental and Natural Resources (ENR) Commission recommended greenhouse gas emission reduction goals as follows: 1. The City should follow the state energy goal guidelines of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 20 percent of the Citys 2015 baseline levels by 2050 (an 80 percent reduction). 2. The City will establish interim goals every 5 to 10 years to assure City emission reductions track against the primary goal outlined above, and to adjust policies and strategies as needed. 3. The Citys first interim goal is to reduce City-Wide greenhouse gas emissions to 80% of 2015 Baseline levels by 2025 (a 20 percent reduction). 4. Future interim goals will be established by the City at the completion of the first interim timeframe. On April 17, 2017, the ENR Commission recommended that the goals and strategies outlined in Climate Change Vulnerabilities Report be included in the City comprehensive planning process. On July 17, 2017, the ENR Commission reviewed the 2030 Comp Plan Sustainability and Natural Resources Chapters. The Commission appointed three members to serve on the ENR Comp Plan Subcommittee. The Subcommittee is charged with coordinating the new Resiliency Chapter that will include energy and local food goals. On August 4, 2017, the ENR Comp Plan Subcommittee met to discuss energy goals. The Subcommittee determined that a solar energy potential study would need to be completed in order to make more detailed energy goal recommendations. On August 21, 2017, the ENR Commission reviewed proposed changes to the Natural Resources Chapter. An updated chapter will be presented to the Commission in October 2017. Discussion Sustainability Chapter 2030 Comprehensive Plan Purpose Maplewoods 2030 Comprehensive Plan as a whole encouraged sustainable practices through the use of land, management of water, and protection of the Citys remaining natural resources. In addition to the overriding theme of environmental stewardship found throughout the plan, the 2030 Comprehensive Plan focused on sustainable policies and guidelines directed toward the Citys human activities and built environment. The Sustainability Chapter was a tool for action and served as an important building block to the Citys current sustainable policies and implementation strategies. Accomplishments Energy Policies Adoption of the Mayors Climate Protection Agreement 2008 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy 2009 Renewable Energy Ordinance 2011 Partners in Energy (Energize Maplewood! Energy Action Plan) - 2015 Organized Trash Hauling - 2012 Adoption of the Green Building Code - 2013 Living Streets Policy - 2013 GreenStep Cities Step 5 Award City Operations Creation of a Green Team Decrease in energy use at City buildings. Composting in City buildings. Solar panels (City Hall and Nature Center) - 2011/2012 Created opportunities for community gardens Edgerton Park, Harvest Gardens, Rice Street Gardens Green House Gas Emissions Greenhouse Gas Baseline Inventory 2015 City-wide decrease in greenhouse gas emissions from energy sources - 2016 Updated City Tree Ordinance 2015 Maintaining Tree City USA Standards Increased Environmental Education Maplewood Seasons, Improved Environmental Website Pages Resiliency Chapter 2040 Comprehensive Plan Purpose Thrive MSP 2040 encourages resiliency planning as part of the Citys comprehensive plan. A resiliency plan includes strategies for addressing more severe weather and prolonged heatwaves, for improved health of residents, and for economic strength and diversity. There are two strategies to resiliency: 1. Climate mitigation such as promoting land use and development patterns that will contribute toward achieving the states adopted greenhouse gas emissions goals. 2. Climate adaptation such as recognizing changing rainfall patterns that require additional stormwater management capacity. Chapter Elements The only resiliency element required by state law in the Citys comprehensive plan is the protection and development of access to direct sunlight for solar energy systems. In addition, the Citys Resiliency Chapter will include energy and local foods goals. These areas of focus were chosen because of their importance to Maplewoods quality of life and resiliency efforts and are not addressed in other comprehensive plan chapters. Additional resiliency goals designed to help Maplewood prepare for and respond to climate impacts will be addressed throughout the comprehensive plan including: stormwater management that will help the City plan for more severe weather and prolonged heatwaves; economic development to ensure Maplewood businesses remain strong and diverse; Living Streets that will create walkable and green infrastructure; and land use goals to promote smart growth. Energy Planning During the September meeting the ENR Commission will review energy planning goals for the Resiliency Chapter. In order to establish a baseline in order to establish goals and measure progress, Maplewood should assess current energy consumption. Maplewoods energy data below was collected from the Xcel Energy Partners in Energy project and the Regional Indicators Initiative: Overall Electricity Use Overall Natural Gas Use Overall energy use from electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel, coal and biomass Sector MMBtu GHG (Tons) Residential 1,550,423 119,634 Commercial/Industrial 1,667,991 151,024 Solar Potential Study The ENR Comp Plan Subcommittee determined that a solar energy potential study should be complete in order to make more detailed energy goal recommendations. Commissioner Redmond completed a City-Wide and City Facilities Solar Energy Potentials study for the Commissions review (attached). Following are goals outlined in those studies: 1. Obtain a minimum of 50 percent of all electric energy from renewable sources by 2040. a. This goal projects a minimum of 20 percent in on-site solar PV generation within the City. b. The balance of renewable energy requirements would be met through Xcel Energys 31.5 percent renewable portfolio requirement. c. A sub-goal of achieving 34 percent (5.5 on-site solar PV by 2022), and 44 percent (15 percent on-site solar PV) by 2030. Summary Once energy goals are established, the ENR Commission will review and recommend strategies for achieving the goals. Strategies are the tools to achieve desired outcomes such as programs, regulations, operational procedures, and public investments. Recommendation Review the staff report and supporting documents and make a recommendation on the following goals for the Citys Resiliency Chapter: 1. The City follow the state energy goal guidelines of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 20 percent of the Citys 2015 baseline levels by 2050 (an 80 percent reduction). a. The City establish interim goals every 5 to 10 years to assure City emission reductions track against the primary goal outlined above, and to adjust policies and strategies as needed. b. The Citys first interim goal is to reduce City-Wide greenhouse gas emissions to 80% of 2015 Baseline levels by 2025 (a 20 percent reduction). c. Future interim goals will be established by the City at the completion of the first interim timeframe. 2. Obtain a minimum of 50 percent of all electric energy from renewable sources by 2040. a. This goal projects a minimum of 20 percent in on-site solar PV generation within the City. b. The balance of renewable energy requirements would be met through Xcel Energys 31.5 percent renewable portfolio requirement. c. A sub-goal of achieving 34 percent (5.5 on-site solar PV by 2022), and 44 percent (15 percent on-site solar PV) by 2030. 3. Adopt a Climate Adaptation Plan that includes adaptation goals and implementation strategies for dealing with the effects of climate change. Attachments and Links 1. City-Wide Solar Energy Potential Study 2. City Facilities Solar Energy Potentials 3. Energize Maplewood! Partners in Energy Project: www.maplewoodmn.gov/pie 4. Regional Indicators Initiative: http://www.regionalindicatorsmn.com l.,l "A making cfooge peMnol Prepared by: poleBLUEdot LLc Table of Contents Introduction Page 1 Solar in Minnesota Page 1 Solar in Maplewood Page 1 Technical Capacity in Maplewood Page 3 Generation Capacity in Maplewood Page 4 Optimized Generation Capacity Page 5 Market Capacity Page 7 Economic Potential for Maplewood Page 9 Recommendations Page 11 Appendix - Economic Potential Calculations Page 12 Introduction The intent of this study is to support the City of Maplewood in establishing appropriate Renewable Energy or Solar Energy goals for inclusion in the 2040 Comprehensive Plan. As a visionary planning document, the goals established for the Comprehensive Plan should be while also being achievable. To arrive at recommended goals, this study looks at the existing market of solar energy in the State and quantity of existing solar pv installations in the City of Maplewood. Next, the study will identify the technical capacity, total electric generation capacity, and the generation capacity of optimized or idealized sites within the City. The study then explores defining a growth and market potential from which a final recommended solar pv adoption goal can be established. Solar In Minnesota As of March, 2017, Minnesota has a total of 431.6 megawatts (431,600,000 watts) of solar capacity installed statewide. Over 32% of that capacity went - in the first three months of 2017 alone. As of June 2016, there are a total of 1,500 rooftop solar installations in the State. As of the end of 2016 the th State of Minnesota ranked 16nationally for total solar energy production capacity. The solar installation total is enough to power 57,000 homes. The share of the total electricity use that comes from solar power, however, is less than 0.2%. This indicates great potential for growth throughout the State. Current solar growth projections for the State equal an additional 1,214 st MW over the next 5 years - a growth rate that ranks 21nationally. Costs for Solar PV installation in the State have declined 64% since 2012. Price declines have been accompanied with increasing rate of investment in solar energy. A total of $461,430,000 has been invested in Solar PV installations with $336,490,000 in 2016 alone. The industry currently employs 2,872 th people in 159 companies Statewide. Minnesota employment figures for Solar PV rank 25nationally, again indicating a potential for employment growth. (source: Solar Energy Industries Association) Solar In Maplewood As of June 2014, a total of 20 Solar PV installations existed within the City of Maplewood. As shown on the graphic to the Right, the distribution of Soalr PV installations is relatively even with all but two census tracts having 1-4 Solar PV installations. Only two census tracts are yet to have any installations. The City of Maplewood has approximately 7.07% of the total Solar PV installations located in Ramsey County, slightly behind the Ramsey County population share of 7.5%. 1 2 Technical Capacity in Maplewood Technical capacity represents the total rooftop solar pv potential assuming economics and grid integration are not constraints. The technical capacity is calculated assuming a solar PV panel size of 250 watts and an average efficiency of 15.3%. Potential solar panel installations are then based on the total rooftop potential which meet the following criteria: Sunlight Installation size Space & obstacles Every included panel Every included roof has a Only areas of the roof with receives at least 75% of the total potential installation size enough space to install 4 maximum annual sun in the of at least 2kW adjacent solar panels are county. For Ramsey County, included. Obstacles like the threshold is 984 kWh/kW. chimneys are taken into account. Potential by Roof Type Maplewood Technical Capacity Based on the criteria outlined above, there are a total of 7,700 rooftops in the City of Maplewood which are viable for solar pv installations. The potential installed technical energy capacity for all rooftops meeting selection criteria totals 157 Megawatts DC. As illustrated on the charts to the right, over 56% of that potential is located on flat roofs, with Number of Rooftop Potentials by Installation Size (small) another 18% on South facing sloped roofs. The distribution of size potential is represented in the two carts to the right. The vast majority of rooftop potentials are viable for solar pv systems of 20 kw DC capacity and below. Number of Rooftop Potentials by Installation Size (large) 3 21.7 MWh Annually 12.0 MWh Annually Census Census 46.1 MWh Tract Tract Annually 15.2 MWh 2301 2401 Annually 8.2 MWh Annually Census Census Census Tract Tract Tract 24.2 MWh 2201 2202 2302 Census Tract 2402 Annually 30.5 MWh Annually Generation Potential By Tract Census Tract Census Tract 2201: 2501 8.2 Mwh (4.6% of Total) Census Tract 2202: 15.2 Mwh (8.5% of Total) Census Tract 2302: 12.0 Mwh (6.7% of Total) Census Tract 2301: 21.7 Mwh (12.2% of Total) Census Tract 2401: 46.1 Mwh (25.8% of Total) Census Tract 2402: 24.2 Mwh (13.6% of Total) Census Tract Census Tract 2501: 30.5 Mwh (17.1% of Total) 2504 Census Tract 2504: 11.3 Mwh (6.3% of Total) 11.3 MWh Census Tract 2503 Annually 9.2 Mwh (5.2% of Total) Total Potential: 178.4 MWh 9.2 MWh Annually Annually Census Tract 2503 4 Generation Capacity in Maplewood Generation capacity represents the total amount of energy generation potential represented by the total Technical Capacity of the City. The generation capacity is calculated using City-specific annual insolation (exposure to energy) levels for all rooftops throughout the City, applied to the qualifying rooftop installation potentials identified in the Technical Capacity of Maplewood. Maplewood Generation Capacity The result is a potential annual rooftop solar pv energy generation of 178,400,000 KWH. This is equal to approximately 59% of the total annual electric use. The total rooftop solar PV capacity can be broken down by Census Tract and by roof type throughout the City. The breakdown based on Census Tract is illustrated on the graphic to the left while the capacity based on roof type is illustrated on the chart to the right. Optimized Generation Capacity Though the total energy generation outlined above is reasonably feasible, for purposes of establishing City-Wide potentials expectations it is appropriate to modify the total generation to reflect the most cost efficient installation potentials. Solar PV installations which have less than ideal orientations capture less light per panel and therefore generate less energy per dollar spent. Establishing an Optimized Capacity establishes the cost effective solar pv installation potential based on current technology. In the Maplewood region, the most efficient solar PV installations have a southern orientation capturing mid-day sunlight. Western orientations, while less efficient, are still typically considered efficient installation orientations capturing afternoon and evening sunlight. Therefore, the recommended total optimized rooftop solar pv generation capacity for the City of Maplewood is 137.6 Mwh annually (102.4MWh flat roof capacity and 35.2 Mwh South facing sloped roof capacity). 5 6 Market Capacity Adequately anticipating the potential for new solar PV installations must consider not only the potential technical and generation capacities, but also the likely market capacity. As an emerging energy sector, there is little data upon which to base projections for likely installation of rooftop solar PV in the private sector. Additionally, the solar PV market is rapidly changing in both sophistication as well as in pricing and cost effectiveness. As noted in the Solar in Minnesota section of this report, the installed cost of solar PV in Minnesota has dropped 64% since 2012 and is expected to continue to decline in the coming years. Projections of solar PV installations should anticipate a continued increase in the number of solar pv installations year over year. Market History According to the Department of Energy, since 2005 the residential solar PV market has grown at an annual rate of 51%. A growth rate that has resulted in a residential solar PV capacity 95 times larger in just 12 years. In the State of Minnesota, the new installed capacity that went on line in 2016 was 258.9 MW; equal to 150% of the cumulative total of all solar PV installations in the state for all previous years. Based on installation count, solar PV Installations in the City of Maplewood equal 1.33% of the total solar PV installations State-wide. This represents a share of Minnesota PV installations equal to 182% of the share of State-wide population. State Market Projections The Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) projects solar PV installation capacity in the State to increase 1,214 MW by 2022. This is equal to a sustained increase of installed capacity of 32% annually. The timeframe of this projection overlaps with the currently established Federal Income Tax incentive program. For years 2022 and beyond, the tax incentive is expected to be phased out for residential solar pv installations, but a smaller incentive (10%) will remain for commercial property owners while cost projections anticipate a continued decrease in installation costs. Maplewood Market Projections Simply anticipating the solar adoption rate within the City of Maplewood to maintain share of State-wide rates would mean an annual increase of 32% through 2022. Following the projected elimination of the residential portion and a scaling back of the commercial portion of the Federal residential tax incentive, a reasonable assumption may be a partial reduction in the annual growth rate for year 2033 and a few years following. As the market continues to mature through the again, be reasonable to assume another reduction in the growth rate of new installed capacity beginning in year 2031. rd For purposes of this study, we recommend a 2/3reduction of the annual rate of growth for 2023 and then again at 2030. This would result in a growth rate of 32% through 2022, an 11% growth rate for years 2023 through 2030, and a mature market growth rate of 3.5% beginning in 2031. Maplewood Solar PV Projection Year Cumulative Installed Annual Generation % of City Electric Total Renewable Share* 2022 17.4 MW 16.9 Mwh 5.5% 37.0% 2025 25.7 MW 25.3 Mwh 8.2% 39.7% 2030 47.3 MW 46.5 Mwh 15.1% 46.6% 2040 69.0 MW 67.9 Mwh 22.1% 53.6% * This number includes Xcel required portfolio mix of 31.5% renewable energy sources. 7 8 Economic Potential for Maplewood As with all energy sources, solar PV installations require investment up-front for construction and installation as well as annual maintenance costs. When measured on a per unit of energy consumed, these costs are similar, or more competitive than, the costs associated with other energy sources. Unlike almost all other forms of electricity, however, a significant portion of the initial and on-going costs associated with solar PV are capable of remaining in the local economy. This means that for communities who plan carefully for the increase in renewable energy, a local economic development potential exists. Economic Potential According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the 69 MW of additional solar pv capacity which could be installed in Maplewood by 2040 has a total construction value of $217.4 million and an total annual maintenance value of $18.8 million (2017 dollars). The potential share of those investments for the local economy totals 790 jobs and $68.9 million in local spending during construction and 46 jobs and $2.9 million in local spending for maintenance annually through the lifetime of the installations. Below is a breakout of the Maplewood Economic Development potential of 69 MW of new installed solar pv capacity: Local Economic Impacts - Summary Results Jobs Earnings Output Value Added During construction period Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Project Development and Onsite Labor Impacts 280 $37.34 $50.76 $41.55 Construction and Interconnection Labor 184 $32.10 Construction Related Services 96 $5.24 Equipment and Supply Chain Impacts 270 $17.60 $71.69 $35.29 Induced Impacts 241 $13.94 $38.62 $21.03 Total Impacts 790 $68.88 $161.07 $97.86 Annual Annual Annual Annual Jobs Earnings Output Output During operating years (annual) Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Onsite Labor Impacts 37 $2.33 $2.33 $2.33 Local Revenue and Supply Chain Impacts 3 $0.18 $0.47 $0.47 Induced Impacts 6 $0.37 $1.03 $0.56 Total Impacts 46 $2.87 $3.83 $3.36 Additional Economic Benefit In addition to the local re-investment share of the construction and maintenance costs, Maplewood residents and business owners who invest in solar PV will have direct economic benefit in the form of savings. These savings represent increased economic potential within the City of Maplewood and include: 1) All residents and businesses who install solar PV prior to the phase out of the Federal Tax Incentive will be able to save 30% of the cost of installation. At the projected additional installation through 2022 outlined in the previous section, this could mean up to $17 million in savings and re-investment potential for the City of Maplewood. 2) Many owners who install solar pv see a decrease in their annual energy costs (including solar pv project finance costs). Though savings vary, a conservative estimate of the out-of-pocket savings for residents and businesses in Maplewood is $250,000 to $750,000 annually. 9 10 Recommendations Comprehensive Plan Goal - Solar Energy We recommend the City of Maplewood establish a goal of obtaining a minimum of 50% of all electric energy from renewable sources by 2040. This goal projects a minimum of 20% in on-site solar PV generation within the City. The balance of renewable energy requirements would be met through Xcel 31.5% renewable portfolio requirement. We recommend a sub-goal of achieving 34% (5.5 on- site solar PV) by 2022, and 44% (15% on-site solar PV) by 2030. Planning for Economic Potential As the Federal Tax Incentive represents a major economic potential for the City of Maplewood, we recommend the City of Maplewood establish policies to aggressively advocate for solar PV development beginning in 2018. Further, we recommend the City establish policies to advocate or incentiveize the green economy opportunities in local job creation and investment represented by the increased solar installations outlined. Potential policies include: 1) Coordinate with Ramsey County and Minnesota PACE to develop a communication plan to review the financing opportunities and financial advantages available to utilizing PACE financing for Solar PV, especially while the Federal Tax Incentive remains in effect through 2021. 2) Develop and distribute an informational brochure outlining the current incentives available to Maplewood residents and businesses as well as the potential short and long-term benefits of installing solar PV. Work with City businesses and community groups to assure broad distribution. 3) Coordinate with Ramsey County to explore the development of new incentive programs, particularly those aimed at low and moderate income residents. Program opportunities may include development of LIHEAP based funding sources. 4) Conduct a Green Economy Business and Economic Development Potentials study to identify strategies in leveraging economic opportunities in the Green Economy and emerging renewable energy field. Study should focus not only on national, state, and metro area trends, but should identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats unique to Maplewood. The goal of establishing a robust business atmosphere capable not only of serving Maplewood renewable energy and green economy needs but fulfilling a unique economic niche within the Metropolitan area. 5) Conduct a site-specific solar energy capacity study to identify the 20 most beneficial sites for solar PV development. Use the site-specific study as the basis of outreach to the owners of the top 20 sites, educating them on the opportunities and benefits of installing solar PV within the existing timeframe of the Federal Tax Incentive. Study should occur by mid-2018 to support leverage of tax incentive potential. 11 Appendix - Economic Potential Calculations CSP Trough Plant - Project Data Summary Project Location Minnesota Year of Construction 2017 Solar Direct Normal Resource (kWh/m2/day) 4.25 Project Size - Nameplate Capacity (MW) 69 Solar Field Aperture Area (square meters) 535,691 Plant Capacity Factor 23.3% Construction Cost ($/KW) $3,150 Annual Direct O&M Cost ($/KW) $7.00 Money Value (Dollar Year) 2017 Project Construction Cost $217,364,902 Local Spending $87,091,483 Local Sales Tax $10,364,902 Total Annual Operational Expenses $18,798,623 Direct Operating and Maintenance Costs $483,000 Local Spending $192,413 Other Annual Costs $18,315,623 Local Spending -$41,901 Debt and Equity Payments $0 Property Taxes $0 Sales Tax -$93,930 Insurance $0 Land Purchase $52,029 Land Lease $0 12 Appendix - Economic Potential Calculations Local Economic Impacts - Summary Results Jobs Earnings Output Value Added During construction period Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Project Development and Onsite Labor Impacts 280 $37.34 $50.76 $41.55 Construction and Interconnection Labor 184 $32.10 Construction Related Services 96 $5.24 Equipment and Supply Chain Impacts 270 $17.60 $71.69 $35.29 Induced Impacts 241 $13.94 $38.62 $21.03 Total Impacts 790 $68.88 $161.07 $97.86 Annual Annual Annual Annual Jobs Earnings Output Output During operating years (annual) Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Million 2017$ Onsite Labor Impacts 37 $2.33 $2.33 $2.33 Local Revenue and Supply Chain Impacts 3 $0.18 $0.47 $0.47 Induced Impacts 6 $0.37 $1.03 $0.56 Total Impacts 46 $2.87 $3.83 $3.36 Notes: Earnings and Output values are millions of dollars in year 2017 dollars. Jobs are full-time equivalent for one year. Plant workers includes field technicians, administration and management. Economic impacts "During operating years" represent impacts that occur from plant operations/expenditures. The analysis does not include impacts associated with spending of plant "profits." Totals may not add up due to independent rounding. Detailed CSP Trough Plant Project Data Costs Construction Costs Cost Local Share Materials Construction (concrete rebar, equip, roads and site prep) $5,523,679 95% Materials Subtotal$5,523,679 Labor Sitework and Infrastructure $1,558,386 100% Field Erection$18,627,381 100% Support Structures$1,100,516 100% Piping$6,077,101 100% Electrical$2,424,691 100% Labor Subtotal$29,788,076 13 A making cl ge peJSonol paleBLUEdot uc paleBLUEdot lie 2515 White Bear Ave, AS Suite 177 Maplewood,MN 55109 l,.l making ctge personal .\\ Prepared by: paleBLUEdot LLc Table of Contents Section 1: Introduction Section 2: City Hall and Police Solar Potential Section 3: Public Works Solar Potential Section 4: Community Center Solar Potential Section 5: McKnight Fire Station Solar Potential Section 6: Fire Station 2 Solar Potential Section 7: Fire Station 3 Solar Potential Section 8: Nature Center Solar Potential Section 9: Environmental Benefits Section 10: Conclusion and Next Steps S e c t i o n 01 Introduction eDocument Click to Return to TOC 1 Introduction The intent of this study is to determine the solar pv capacity and energy potential of all City of Maplewood facilities. Local Government agencies are in a unique position to illustrate leadership in transitioning their communities to renewable energy. Through understanding the potential for each of the building sites, this study looks to support the City of Maplewood in identifying potential solar pv installations at City facilities in support of the Renewable Energy or Solar Energy goals for inclusion in the 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The solar pv capacities and annual energy generation numbers included in this report should be considered preliminary. Though generation numbers are based on site-specific solar exposure and efficiency ratio, a more detailed study which carefully reviewed existing rooftop conditions and adjacent site solar obstructions. 2 S e c t i o n 02 City Hall and Police Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 3 City Hall and Police Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood City Hall and Police building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the SouthEast facing sloped roof sections are optimal exposures while the Southwest facing and flat roof portions are fair exposures. All North facing sloped roof portions are poor exposures for solar pv installations. 4 City Hall and Police Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation copocity. Design concept uses a flush rock mounted system with slope equoI to roofslope. r Report lill! System Metrics 9 ProjenLocation Prc>ji!Ct Name Maplewood City Hall and Police Design Design I Module DC Project Description Mapl wood C1ty Ho1lland Police 14&.5kW Nameplato Prc>je<t Address 1830 CO\\lnty Rd 8 E, Maplewoc>d. MN 55109 lnverterAC 121.9kW Namepl;ne load Ratio: 1.20 Ted Redmond Prepared By tredmond@paleblu..doLorg Aonual Production 182.9 MWh Performance Ratio 78.8'11 kWh/kWp 1.248.8 TMY. 10kmgnd(45.05·, 93.05), NREL Weather Dataset (prc>spenor) 51e91ll3<6ao(a43eb0e5b t60d1dff2d Simulator Vers.lon 899790e3td () Sources of System Loss lill! Monthly Production 30k 20k Reflection: 3.2% Mlsmatc:h: lOk 111111 IIIII Temperature:S.7 J feb f4ar Apr May fun Jul Auo Sep ocr Nov De<: Jan t Annual Production a Condition Set De$criprion Output 'II Delta OescripUon n Sel 1 AnnualGlobal 1,393.0 Weather Dataset TMY.10km gnd (45.05,·93.05).NREL (prospector) POA lrradlance 1,5849 13.8i6 Solar An,gJe Location Meteo Latllng Shaded lrrad .ance 1,541.5 ·2.7'11 lrtadlanct!' ( Whim'! Transposition Modet Perez Model after 1,492.9 ·H'II h'rad&ance after SOihng 1,463.0 ·2.091> Temperature Model Sandi.> Model To\[al Colleaor lrradlance 1,463. 1 0.0% perilture Delta Rad<Type Tem Nameplate 216,556.7 AxedTllt ·3.56 .0.075 3'( Output at lrradiance levels 212,012.0 ·2.1" odcl Parameurs Temperarure M Flush Mount ·2.81 .0.0455 o·c Output at Cell Temperature Derate 199,968.7 ·5.796 3'( ·3.56 .0.075 Ee&St·WeSt Output Arter MJsmalth 193,628.2 ·3.2'11 Energy Carport ·3.56 .0.075 3' C lkWh} Optimal DCOutput 192,838.4 ·0 496 .().2,. ConStriUned DC Outpvt 192,527.3 M A A D N M 0 Sc>lllng('IIJ Inverter Output 183,851.0 o4.S% 182,931.0 Energy to Grid .O.S'K Irradiation Variance 596 Temperature Metrits: Cell Temperature Spread ·c Avg. Operaung AmbtentTemp 10.2'C Module BinningRanae ·2.596tc>2.596 Avg. Operating Cell Temp 23.o·c AC System Derate 0.5091> Slmutatlon Memes Char.acu.r1zadon Operating Hoors 46?7 Module Module Characteri-zations SolVed Hours 46?7 SIE·V·285(2016.S) Energy) Default Characterlzatlc>n. PAN Oevlce Chal'ilcterlution Characterizations St£5300 (240'1) (Sthcc>n Energy) Default Characterization 5 poleBLUEdot u.c City Hall and Police ' " S Components m Wiring Zones Componenr Name Count Oesc;rlptfon String Size Strin;ging Strat egy Combiner Pole:s Inverters SoE5300 (140V) (Silicon Energy) 23(121.9kW) W1rlngZone 12 7-13 Along Racking soo MCM (Copper) 31 (1,927.711) 1-fome Runs :::Field Segments Home Runs 1/0 AWG (,Aiumrnum) 31 (894.6 It) Combiners 1 Input Combiner 47 Orlentat.lon Frame Slze Oe!:crlptlon Ra<klng nit Allmuth lnuarow Spatlng Frames Modules Power Combiners 2 input Combin I S Fleld Segment t Rush Mount lJindS<.Jpe (Homomat) 26' 1 53.25' O.Oit 1x1 194 194 55.HW 46 (3,133.4 h) Strings 10 AWG (Copp., Field Segmentl Rush Mount Lind.s<ape (Honzontal) 1 53.25' 1x1 10 2.85 W 26" O.Oit 10 Sohcon Energy,So E-V-285 (2016.5) 514 (146.5 Field Segment 3 AushMounl LandS<'ape (Homontal) 26" 243.25' 0.0 11 20 20 S.70kW 1Xl Modules kW) (185W) 243.25· Field Segment 5 Rush Moum t.and.scape (Hont.Ontal) 26" O.Oft 1x1 1 2 12 3.4HW Landscape (HortzonG>1) 48 Foeld Segment 6 RushMoum 26" 243.25" O.Oft 1xl 48 13.7kW Field Segment 6 FtxedTilt LandS<ape (tfomontal) 30" 1 5325" 2.11l 1xl 56 56 16.0kW Re-Id Segment 7 Fixed Till e (Horizontal) 30' 1 53.25" 2.1 1l lxl 16.lkW 57 57 30 Held Segment8 FU( Tilt Lands.:ape (Horuonta1) 1 53.25" 2.111 1xl 40 40 114kW 18. Rush Mount Landscape! (Honzontaf) 1 77 Aeld Segment 9 O.O it 1X1 n 21.9kW Q Detailed Layout Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion City Hall and Police Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 145.5 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 795 MWh generation of 182.9 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 182.9 MWh installation cost for this installation is $364,0C:O- $470,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 23% 6 poleBLUEdot u.c S e c t i o n 03 Public Works Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 7 Public Works Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood Public Works building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the orientation and surrounding obstructions make for an optimal solar PV installation. The portions of the roof with roof mounted equipment are fair exposures, while the southern half of the building is ideal. 8 Public Works Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation capacity. This design uses a 10 degree fixed rack mounting maximizing annual energy production for roof configuration and obstructions. This summer output is maximized while winter output is minimized. Note: a 30 degree racking system would result in a 38% reduction in number of panels and a 34% reduction in energy production, but would yield a higher Mwh per installation dollar. 9 Public Works Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 316.1 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 355 MWh generation of 406.8 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 406.8 MWh installation cost for this installation is $780,000 - $925,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 115% 10 S e c t i o n 04 Community Center Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 11 Community Center Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood Community Center building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the orientation and surrounding obstructions make for an good solar PV installation. The portions of the roof with roof mounted equipment are poor exposures, while the Southwestern quarter of the building is ideal. 12 Community Center Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation capacity. This design uses a 10 degree fixed rack mounting maximizing annual energy production for roof configuration and obstructions. This summer output is maximized while winter output is minimized. Note: a 30 degree racking system would result in a 38% reduction in number of panels and a 34% reduction in energy production, but would yield a higher Mwh per installation dollar. 13 Community Center Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 84.5 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 1,930 MWh generation of 109 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 109 MWh installation cost for this installation is $211,000 - $274,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 6% 14 S e c t i o n 05 McKnight Fire Station Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 15 McKnight Fire Station Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood McKnight Fire Station building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the orientation and surrounding obstructions make for an optimal solar PV installation. The rooftop mounted mechanical equipment, especially the rooftop mounted ductwork significantly impact the efficiency of the solar array. Relocation of ductwork should be explored. 16 McKnight Fire Station Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation capacity. This design uses a 10 degree fixed rack mounting maximizing annual energy production for roof configuration and obstructions. This summer output is maximized while winter output is minimized. Note: a 30 degree racking system would result in a 38% reduction in number of panels and a 34% reduction in energy production, but would yield a higher Mwh per installation dollar. 17 Community Center Facility Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 79.8 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 93.5 MWh generation of 94.1 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 94.1 MWh installation cost for this installation is $199,000 - $260,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 100% 18 S e c t i o n 06 Fire Station 2 Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 19 Fire Station 2 Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood Fire Station 2 building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the orientation and surrounding obstructions make for a good solar PV installation. The sloped roof and rooftop mounted mechanical equipment, impact the efficiency of the solar array. 20 Fire Station 2 Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation copocity. Design concept uses a flush rock mounted system with slope equoI to roofslope. lol!l. System Metrics r Report Project Maplewood RreStation 2 Design O<?sign 1 (copy) Project Module DC 87.8WI Fif't! Stc1Uon 2 FacJhty Oesc:rJpdon Name-plat-e 1955 Oarence Avenue Maplewood,MN lnvenerAC 63.6 kW Project Addtess 55109 Load Ratio:1.38 Nameplate 91.63MWh AnnualProduction Ted Redmond Prepared By IJ'"edmond@lpaleblue-dol.org Performance R.atfo 76.8% 1,043.8 kWhii<Wp TMV,IOkm grid (45.05.93.05L NREL Weather Dataset (pcospcctort S1d1dlf2d· Simulator V@f'Sion 899790e3cd Q Sources of System Loss Wll.Monthly Productlon 15> 10> c Sk 11.,.m,.,rature:6.7J Feb trtar Apr )unJvl Avg S!E"p O<t Nov Dec Jon t AnnualProduction a Condition Set Description Output Description Condition Set 1 "'Delco AnnualGlobalHomontallrradianc:e 1.393.0 TMV,10km grid (45.05.·9305), NREL (prospector) POA lrradiance 1,359.5 ·2.4"' Solar Angle Location Meteo Lat/Lng 1.6, Shaded lr dl4nce 1.338.2 lrradtance Transposition Modet Perez Model (I<W Im'l lrradiance after Reflec:tfon 1.2848 -4.0'K lrradllJnce aher Soiling 1,259.1 ·2.0'K SandiJ Model Temper-atureModel Total Collector lrradlance 1,259.1 0. RackTYP" Nameplate 111.674.7 Temperature Model Parameters Feted Tilt 3"C .().075 ·3.56 Outpu1 at1"ad1.1nce tevels 108,100.0 ·2.7"' Flush ounL ·2.81 ·0.04S5 Output at Cell Temper.;nure Of:rate 101,423.3 -6.7, OlltputAiter Mismatch 96,703.4 -4.7, A 0 N 0 M A M Energy somng l (kWh) 96,487.2 OptirnaJ DC Output .0.2'Mo Constrained DC OUtpUt 96,453.2 0. S911 ln"adl.adonVariance tnvetter OUtpUt 92.086.4 -4.5... Cell Tem pe..-,tureSpread · C Energy LO Grid 91,626.0 .Q.S"' Modute 8inmng Ra11ge 10.2' C Avg.. Operaong Ambient Temp AC System Derate 0.50!6 23.1 c Avg.Opera11ng Cell Temp Module Characterization ModulCharM.ttrf2.atJons Slmulauon Meuics StE·V.28S (2016.5) (Sditon Ene-rgy) Default Charactem·atJOn, PAN Opera1ingHours Devlct> Ch01ractcrlution Componen\\ SOlved HOUf'S SIES300 (240\\1) (Sohcoo Energy) Oefautt Charaaeriza-uon 21 poleBLUEdot u.c Fire Station 2 Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 87.8 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 116.3 MWh generation of 91.6 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 91.6 MWh installation cost for this installation is $220,000 - $285,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 79% 22 S e c t i o n 07 Fire Station 3 Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 23 Fire Station 3 Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood Fire Station 3 building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the orientation and surrounding obstructions make for a fair solar PV installation. The significant older growth trees immediately to the South of the building impact the efficiency of the solar array and suggest an array designed for maximum summer energy production when sunlight angles are high. 24 Fire Station 3 Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation capacity. This design uses a 10 degree fixed rack mounting maximizing annual energy production for roof configuration and obstructions. This summer output is maximized while winter output is minimized. 25 Fire Station 2 Facility Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 42.5 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 50.5 MWh generation of 52.7 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 52.7 MWh installation cost for this installation is $107,000 - $145,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 100% 26 S e c t i o n 08 Nature Center Facility Solar Potential eDocument Click to Return to TOC 27 Nature Center Site Insolation Assessment The graphic below illustrates the annual insolation (amount of solar exposure) for the Maplewood Nature Center building. Portions of the roof with lighter colors receive more sun light annually while portions with darker colors have more shading occurring throughout the year. In general, the b and surrounding obstructions make for a fair solar PV installation. The significant older growth trees surrounding the building as well as the multiple roof levels over a small area impact the efficiency of the solar array. 28 Nature Center Site Design Test Below is a preliminary solar PV concept design for purposes of assessing the potential of the building site. This preliminary concept tests the possible solar PV installation size and annual energy generation capacity. This design uses a 10 degree fixed rack mounting maximizing annual energy production for roof configuration and obstructions. This summer output is maximized while winter output is minimized. 27 Nature Center Site Energy Production to Use Ratio Conclusion - Public Works Facility The likely cost effective solar pv installation potential is a 4.6 KW solar installation with a total annual energy Annual Energy Use: 20.5 MWh generation of 5.6 MWH. Probable construction Annual Energy Production: 5.7 MWh installation cost for this installation is $13,000 - $17,000 Ratio of Production to Use: 27% 30 S e c t i o n 09 Environmental Benefits For City of Maplewood eDocument Click to Return to TOC 31 Environmental Benefits for Maplewood Increasing use of Solar PV for electricity generation for City of Maplewood facilities will offer additional indirect benefits, namely the reduction of Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHG) and the reduction of fresh water use. Greenhouse Gas and Electricity The Water/Energy Nexus Greenhouse gas emissions form, primarily, from the Water and energy are inextricably linked in our burning of fossil fuels. The carbon footprint of current modern infrastructure. Water is used in all electricity is the total greenhouse gas emissions phases of energy production. Energy is required throughout the life-cycle from source fuel to extract, pump and deliver water for use, and to extraction through to end user electricity. treat waste-water so it can be safely returned to According to the Intergovernmental Panel on the environment. The cumulative impact of Climate Change (IPCC), the median greenhouse electricity generation on our water sources can be significant, and varies by fuel source. gas emission, measured in metric tonnes, for 1 Gwh of electricity by fuel type is as follows: According to The River Network, the average fresh water use for 1 Gwh of electricity by fuel type is as Electricity Source Metric Tonnes follows: GHG/MWh Hydroelectric .004 Electricity Source Gallons/MWh Wind .012 Hydroelectric 29,920 Nuclear .016 Wind 1 Biomass .018 Nuclear 2,995 Geothermal .045 Biomass 2 Solar PV .046 Geothermal 2 Natural gas .469 Solar PV 2 Natural gas 1,512 Coal 1.001 Coal 7,143 Current Maplewood Electric Grid Profile According to Xcel Energy, based on the Electricity Supply by Energy Source for their Upper Midwest region, the average greenhouse gas emissions per 1 Mwh of electricity is .365 Metric Tonnes. Using the River Network average fresh water use by fuel type, the average water use per 1 Mwh or electricity in Maplewood is 5,306.5 gallons. Based on these numbers, for every Mwh of additional solar pv installed in the community, the City of Maplewood can reduce its annual Greenhouse Gas emissions accounting by .365 metric tonnes (full life- cycle Greenhouse Gas emissions reduction is .319 metric tonnes) and its water footprint by 5,304.5 gallons. Carbon And Water Footprint Reduction Potential Total Annual Generation Potential* GHG Emission Reduction** Water Footprint Reduciton** 942.8 Mwh 344 mTons 5 Mgal * See breakdown in Section 10 of this report ** based on 2016 Xcel Energy profile. GHG reduciton is equal to 28% of City of 2016 Buildings and Grounds Electric Use emissions 32 S e c t i o n 10 Conclusions eDocument Click to Return to TOC 33 Conclusions Based on a preliminary assessment of the primary City of Maplewood facilities, the sites are capable of generating approximately 942.8 MWh annually. This is equal to roughly 28% of the total annual electrical consumption of the Buildings and Grounds (or 64% of all City facilities except for the Community Center). Some of these facilities appear to be optimally suited for solar PV installations while others are moderate or even poor. Below is a summary by facility. Summary by Facility Facility Potential Portion of Consumption Site Quality City Hall and Police Moderate 182.9 MWh 23% Public Works 406.8 MWh 115% Good Community Center Good 109 MWh 6% McKnight Fire Station 94.1 MWh 100% Good Fire Station 2 91.6 MWh 79% Good Fire Station 3 Moderate 52.7 MWh 100% Nature Center 5.7 MWh 27% Poor 942.8 MWh Total Facility Potential: The City of Maplewood City-Wide Solar Energy Potentials Study recommended a total on-site solar energy production target of 16.9 Gwh by 2022 and 67.9 Gwh by 2040 to meet the renewable energy portfolio goal of 50% renewable energy by 2040. The total city facility on-site solar energy generation of 942.8 Mwh annually is equal to approximately 5.6% of the 2022 and 1.4% of the 2040 City- Wide annual goals. In 2016, the City of buildings and grounds consumed approximately 1.1% of the City-Wide electricity use for the year. Each site assessed above assumes a net metered connection with power purchase by Xcel. For commercial and institutional properties with Solar PV, Xcel limits the total annual solar energy purchase to 120% of the total annual electrical use of the property. All sites meet requirements for Net Metering and are within Xcel limits for full excess power buy-back. For project planning purposes, the City can assume full purchase of all energy generated through each solar array through net metering rates with Xcel. The City has multiple ownership and project financing options available. These options are outlined in the Project Financing Scenarios section. Federal Solar PV Investment Tax Credit (ITC) For solar technologies, the ITC provides a significant investment tax credit for qualified commercial, utility, and residential solar projects. Projects that qualify for the ITC receive their total qualifying tax credit in 1 to 5 years depending on the ent tax liability. The total ITC value, expressed as a percent of the total solar project cost, is scheduled through 2021 as illustrated to the right: 34 Conclusions Project Financing Scenarios Each site assessed above assumes a net metered connection with power purchase by Xcel. For commercial and institutional properties with Solar PV, Xcel limits the total annual solar energy purchase to120% of the total annual electrical use of the property. All sites meet requirements for Net Metering and are within Xcel limits for full excess power buy-back. For project planning purposes, the City can assume full purchase of all energy generated through each solar array through net metering rates with Xcel. The City has multiple ownership and project financing options available: City Owned Solar PV Options Should the City desire to own the PV system on each site, there are several options for structuring the financing: Issue bonds. Securing up-front capital through general obligation bonds is how public renewable energy projects have traditionally been financed, though they do require voter approval. Apply to the IRS for a Clean Renewable Energy Bonds allocation CREBs may be issued by electric cooperatives, government entities (states, cities, counties, territories, Indian tribal governments or any political subdivision thereof), and by certain lenders. The bondholder receives federal tax credits in lieu of a portion of the traditional bond interest, resulting in a lower effective interest rate for the borrower.* The issuer remains responsible for repaying the principal on the bond. For approved applicants, the federal incentive CREBs can be a valuable source of low-cost financing, if steps are taken to reduce the high transaction costs associated with their issuance. Xcel Renewable Development Fund Renewable-energy technologies eligible for funding typically include wind, biomass, solar, hydroelectric generators and fuel cells. Funding is generally split between new development projects that result in the production of renewable energy, and research and development. http://energy.gov/savings/xcel-energy-renewable-development-fund-grants Energy Savings Partnership The St. Paul Port Authority, with a grant from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, established the Energy Saving Partnership, a municipal leasing program with U.S. Bank, that can offer reduced interest rates for energy efficiency and renewable projects. Use REPI. While the REPI is designed to provide a production incentive to public projects like the production tax credit (PTC), the incentive is consistently underfunded by annual congressional appropriations; therefore, it is difficult to depend on it for supporting significant public deployment of solar PV. Third-Party Initial Ownership. The Federal Tax Incentive program for solar PV is a significant opportunity to reduce the up-front costs of solar pv installations through 2021. Third-party ownership options allow mechanisms for local government entities to capture federal incentives. As many state and local governments pursue aggressive PV expansion programs, the third-party ownership model will be a key financing structure to take advantage offederal tax incentives like the ITC and MACRS. 35 Conclusions Power Purchase Agreement A solar power purchase agreement (PPA) is a financial agreement where a developer arranges for the design, permitting, financing and installation of a solar energy system on property at little to no cost. The developer sells the power generated to the host customer at a fixed rate that is typically lower than the local retail rate. This lower electricity price serves to offset the purchase of electricity from the grid while the developer receives the income from these sales of electricity as well as any tax credits and other incentives generated from the system. PPAs typically range from 10 to 25 years and the developer remains responsible for the operation and maintenance of the system for the duration of the agreement. At the end of the PPA contract term, a customer may be able to extend the PPA, have the developer remove the system or choose to buy the solar energy system from the developer. Sale-Leaseback or Partnership-Flip The solar developer and tax-equity investor(s) can form a partnership for the express purpose of installing and operating that system, usually in the form of a limited liability corporation or special purpose entity (SPE). The SPE then purchases the PV system and enters into a PPA with the public-sector host of the system. The SPE, or its affiliates, will install, operate, and maintain the PV system. The tax- equity investor will own a majority stake (nearly 100%) in the SPE in the early years of the project (through year six) to monetize the federal tax incentives. When these tax benefits are exhausted, majority ownership from the tax investor to the developer. At that time, and at predetermined times throughout the remainder of the PPA, the municipality may have the option to purchase the system and take full ownership, if the option was contractually arranged in the PPA. Consider an option for ownership. Two relatively new structures, the sale-leaseback and partnership flip, create the financing mechanism for third-party ownership model. Both of these structures allow an option for the public entity to ultimately own the project in six years, before the power purchase agreement (PPA) or lease expires. However, each structure has complicated tax issues that must be addressed. Defray up-front costs. In certain states, the transition to performance-based incentive programs and away from up-front incentives may change the nature of how PV projects are financed. This may encourage a greater reliance on third-party structures, especially for the public sector and residential markets. 36 Conclusions Next Steps We recommend that the City of Maplewood establish both city-wide and city owned facility solar energy production goals. These goals should target the 2040 plan year and should have sub-goals for interim years with the first interim goal year on or about 2022. We recommend the City engage the following specific steps: 1) Establish clear city-wide and city facility solar pv goals. 2) Hire a consultant to conduct a more detailed on-site review of city facilities including a site specific solar obstruction and solar pv optimization study. Study should result in a final recommended solar pv generation target for each subject building/site. 3) Prioritize city facility sites for solar pv installations. Prioritization should identify target procurement dates for each site. Note: procurement dates should carefully consider the economic advantages of procurement prior to the significant step-down of the Federal Tax Incentive scheduled in 2021. 4) Review solar pv ownership and financing options and determine preferred method. 5) Hire a consultant for the development of a solar pv design-build procurement package, and/or site solar lease agreement / Power Purchase Agreement procurement package. 37 Prepared by: making ctge peJSonol 41.1a paleBLUEdot uc 2515 White Bear Ave, AS Suite 177 Maplewood,MN 55109 Contact: Ted Redmond Tredmond@poleblue-dot.org