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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2011-11-10 HPC Packet MAPLEWOOD HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION COUNCIL CHAMBERS - CITY HALL November 10, 2011 - 7:00 P.M. 1. Call to Order 2. Roll Call 3. Approval of Agenda 4. Approval of Minutes a. September 8, 2011 5. Chair Opening Statements/Presentations 6. Visitor Presentations a. Guest Speaker - Bill Bruentrup 7. Old Business a. Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park b. Discussion Only - Update on the Process of the Certified Local Government (CLG) Status 8. New Business a. Draft of the Preservation Plan for Minnesota's Historical Properties 2012-2017 9. Maplewood Area Historical Society Report 10. Commission Presentations 11. Adjournment NOTE There may be a quorum of the Heritage Preservation Commissioners in attendance at the Maplewood Area Historical Society potluck on December 14, 2011, at 7 p.rn. The Maplewood Area Historical Society meetings are held at the Bruentrup Heritage Farm, 2170 County Road D, Maplewood. MINUTES OF THE MAPLEWOOD HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION 1830 COUNTY ROAD BEAST, MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 8,2011 1. CALL TO ORDER A meeting of the Commission was held in the City Hall Council Chambers and was called to order at 7:00 p.m. by Chairperson 2. ROLL CALL Caleb Anderson, Commissioner Lucille Aurelius, Commissioner Peter Boulay, Chairperson Robert Creager, Commissioner Richard Currie, Commissioner AI Galbraith, Commissioner Brenda Rudberg, Commissioner Present Present Present Present Present Absent Staff Present: David Fisher, Building 3. APPROVAL OF AGENDA Commissioner Aurelius Seconded by Commissioner Ayes - All The motion passed. 4. APPROVAL OF MINUTES Commissioner Currie moved to approve the Auqust 11, 2011, Heritaqe Preservation minutes as submitted. Seconded by Commissioner Anderson. Ayes - Chairperson Boulay, Commissioner's Anderson, Currie & Rudberg Abstentions - Commissioner's Aurelius, & Creager The motion passed. 5. CHAIR OPENING STATEMENTS/PRESENTATIONS None. 6. VISITOR PRESENTATIONS None. September 8, 2011 Heritage Preservation Commission Meeting Minutes 1 7. OLD BUSINESS a. Future HPC Meetings Discussion Only - Dates Open (October 6, 13, & 20th) - November 310&1yth , , i. Staff Liaison, Dave Fisher discussed future HPC Meeting dates. Commissioner Aurelius moved that the HPC meetinq dates should be held the second Thursdav of the month. Seconded by Commissioner Anderson. Ayes - All The motion passed. b. Discussion Only - Update on the Process of the Certified Local Government (CLG) Status i. Staff Liaison, Dave Fisher briefly discussed the update on the process of the certified local government (CLG) Status. Chairperson Boulay said he would make a phone call when staff provides him a phone number to contact regarding the CLG status. 8. NEW BUSINESS a. Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park i. Staff Liaison, Dave fisher gave an introduction to the Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park. ii. Chairperson Boulay gave a presentation to the commission regarding the history and discussed photos of the Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park. iii. Bob Jensen, Vice President of the Maplewood Historical Society addressed the commission. iv. Carolyn Peterson addressed the commission. b. Park Side Fire Department Discussion, 2001 McMenemy Street i. The commission discussed the closure of the Park Side fire Department and who knows about the fire department building and the items and memorabilia in the building. 9. MAPLEWOOD AREA HISTORICAL SOCIETY REPORT a. Bob Jensen, Vice President of the Maplewood Historical Society and addressed the commission with an update on events and happenings at the Maplewood Area Historical Society. 10. COMMISSION PRESENTATIONS a. Commissioner Caleb Anderson shared some civil war information with the commission. b. Commissioner Aurelius shared some information regarding Ramsey County with the commission. 11. ADJOURNMENT Chairperson Boulay adjourned the meeting at 8:15 p.m. September 8, 2011 Heritage Preservation Commission Meeting Minutes 2 MEMORANDUM TO: FROM: DATE: RE: Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC) Ginny Gaynor, Natural Resources Coordinator November 3, 2011 for November 10, 2011 Commission Meeting Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park INTRODUCTION The city is developing a Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna Neighborhood Preserve and Gloster Park. The site has a rich industrial history as the location ofthe Gladstone Shops ofthe St. Paul and Duluth Railroad. At the November 10th commission meeting, commissioners will review the proposed plan for the site. DISCUSSION Gladstone Savanna Neighborhood Preserve is a 24-acre natural area, which currently has no trails or amenities. Gloster Park is a 2.7 acre Neighborhood Park with play equipment and open play area. The site was once the location of the Gladstone Shops of the St. Paul and Duluth Railroad. Attachment 1 shows a map of the site with an overlay of the location of historic structures. Three commissions are participating in the master planning process and the process includes four public meetings. At the October 18, 2011 public meeting, residents and commissioners that attended reviewed two concepts for the site (available on-line at www.ci.maplewood.mn.usjgladstonesavanna.c1ick Concept A and Concept B under project documents). The group discussed what they liked from the two proposals and these elements are being merged into a final design. This design will be presented at Public Meeting #4 (November 9, 6:30 p.m., Maplewood Community Center). HPC members will receive copies of the plan the following day at the HPC commission meeting. However, the historical elements of the plan are covered in detail below so commissioners can review those in preparation for the commission meeting. The Master Plan for Gladstone Savanna and Gloster Park must integrate the site's history, natural resources, trails and recreation, stormwater management, and soil remediation. The design is driven by the soil remediation plan and the site's status as a Neighborhood Preserve. The Heritage Preservation Commission's role is to ensure the plan celebrates and respects the history ofthe site. However, commissioners need to understand the constraints posed by the soil remediation and the neighborhood preserve classification. Soil Contamination. At the October 17, 2011 Environmental and Natural Resources (ENR) Commission meeting, ENR commissioners reviewed and approved the Response Action Plan and Construction Contingency Plan, which lays out the soil remediation plan for the site. Attachment 2 shows a map of the approved remediation. The site is not hazardous but some soil remediation is necessary. In one area, soil will be excavated, removed from the site, and disposed of properly. In two large areas, a soil cap of 2' to 3' will be placed on the site to provide adequate distance between the contamination and the surface. Some HPC commissioners expressed an interest in excavating old foundations at the site. Because of the soil remediation, this will not be possible in many areas. However, the master plan does call for exposing of foundations in one or two areas if possible. Neighborhood Preserve. The site is one of Maplewood's 14 Neighborhood Preserves. It was purchased with open space funds for the purpose of preserving, enhancing, or restoring natural resources and providing a place for people to enjoy nature. The guidelines outlining the purpose ofthe preserves are proved in Attachment 3. The site master plan needs to ensure most ofthe site remains a natural area. Celebrating the Site History. City staff reviewed the tape of the September 8, 2011 HPC meeting to listen to commissioners' suggestions for the Gladstone Savanna/Gloster Park master plan. Several of these suggestions have been incorporated into the master plan. Commissioners indicated the roundhouse and the well were the most significant historic features and these are commemorated in the plan. The design team's aim is to celebrate the site's railroad history in a fun, interesting and creative way that encourages people to use their senses and their imagination. They want people to have a sense of discovery and surprise. It is not a literal translation of history onto the landscape. Several elements are incorporated into the plan to accomplish this. . As you walk through the site, you come upon a part of an old building foundation here and there. A few of these might be original foundations. Most of them would be short walls recreated with brick, mortar, and rubble. . A commemorative sign or monument will be integrated into one of the entryways or sitting areas. . To delve deeper into the history ofthe site, visitors can use an interpretive trail brochure and/or smartphone guide. There would not be excessive interpretive signage at the site itself. . For those who want to trace the outlines ofthe old buildings, GPS coordinates will be available. . The footprint of the shops would be seeded with a different native prairie seed mix. Over time, this visual clue to the history may disappear, but it will be a fun feature for many years. . A short section of train track might beckon you off the main trail. . The trails have a strong east-west line, reflective of many of the tracks that were once on the site. . Bricks and stone found on the site will be incorporated into some of the trails or sitting areas. . The use of brick, stone, and metal in hardscape features reflects the site history. . A pergola casts shadows on the pavement, suggesting the pattern of railroad ties. City staff is working with the Maplewood Historical Society to explore grants and opportunities to do additional historical survey work on the site. One contractor indicated to us that the State Archeology Office is very interested in non-invasive archeology. This includes survey methods such as the use of ground-penetrating radar. This technology can show where material is underground, leading to a better understanding of the site history without excavating the site and exposing ruins or artifacts. Once exposed to the elements, old foundations and walls succumb much more quickly to decay. This contractor was making a strong point that there is historic value in leaving things underground. Given the constraints of soil contamination on the site, this is an approach the design team believes is necessary for the site. RECOMMENDATION Staff requests that the Heritage Preservation Commission reviews and makes a recommendation to Council on the Gladstone Savanna/Gloster Park Master Plan. Attachment 1: Site with historical overlay Attachment 2: Soil remediation map Attachment 3: Neighborhood Preserves Statement of Purpose and Policies ~Jc;:J '\~. /=F.~\ ~ I~"'''''>': \ 1 . ~;' ~ w - , / .~ cO c.:::!. d.. iaf-- ~~- ..- I';"":~ ~ 1~;~ " N "- Illr , , '~'~}I :t:: ~ ~ $1 i 5 !Ill I fiiifiH :!' ,,< n' lOT - $jJ=.i$:1: i i:itfHP ! J~ffi~II ~ i "c" r" l' fi i ii P J~I~ HI m ~~:t ;~~ t~~ ~+"+-!-" ~! ~l~~ I 1111 AU 11111]1 L =i:E~IJ~~ ~!l!i~ii lq~ 11111 I + ""h" : ->- + :i:.:j::r :;: ___~n_____ e: v ';! ;/ /.1 11/ 0 / J (1 _ :/" :1;: ~o, ;t t ,,;,~lff Ii :~#~ i tlil.;- - - -. : .fl~q ~J ~ M-- ~ , ~ i\ ! 't1. +~ " ~. 1\ ffi ! f\- ~ I "~ 'l.'~*i'itf- ~ ro 0:. Illr I i~ , ;e "- ..-.l8Il- ~ ro i UJ CD " i ~ ~ ~lllJ ::;lD =..... :to.. ir ~ "- Illr ---e,---- "- Illr i ~ N d.. Illr ~~ "- Ill>- ~ ~ N "- Illr ~ t ~ :E C N 0:. Ill>- -"--o'!-.-~~ ---- ;{ 1)1- ~ 5,'" u: z :"i 0. z<(~ Qzo b~~ 0::(>2 W<cZ ~~.~ OZD 0.00 UJrO ~;gs o:5~ ~02i a: '" o '" 0. ! ~ ~ ~ 9 ~ :: ~ j': g;> ~~I ~~ f<' i~ ~ 15~ ~ ~6 g ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ill t; t:~ ~ ~~ I g~ ~ ~ '; ~ ~ ~ ~ - , ~ ~ ~ , , ~ ~ 0 0 @ n LJ ~ i ~ ~ -0 c;t o j 0 ~ Attachment 3 Maplewood Neighborhood Preserves Statement of Purpose and Policies Approved by Maplewood City Council 2/26/01 1. Purpose of Preserves The Maplewood Neighborhood Preserves were set aside by and for the citizens of Maplewood to preserve natural resources, scenic areas, and landscape buffers. They are protected natural areas where people can enhance their understanding and enjoyment of the natural world through passive-use activities such as nature study and hiking. 2. Commitment to Preservation The preserves are the only sites in Maplewood's Park System where preservation of natural resources is placed above all other activities, uses, and priorities. Preservation of natural resources will guide site plans, recreational activities permitted, rules, type of trails, and management. Maplewood has a special commitment to areas of the preserves with high ecological quality and will insure they are not degraded due to trails, recreational activities, or neglect in management. 3. Commitment to Restoration and Management Restoration and management of natural resources is a primary focus of the Neighborhood Preserve Program and takes precedence over recreational use of the preserves. Where ecologically and economically feasible, the city will restore the preserves to native plant communities so residents can experience the prairies, savannas, woodlands, and wetlands that historically dominated this landscape. Management may include, but is not limited to, the use of prescribed burns, controlling the population of wildlife species, herbicide application, removal of exotic species, planting of native species and enhancing wildlife habitat. 4. Recreation, Access, and Amenities The preserves are open to community use and activities that have minimal ecological impact. Passive activities such as hiking, bird watching, and nature study have priority over other recreational activities at the preserves. Amenities such as improved parking, trails and benches may be needed at some preserves to make them more accessible to hikers and to help prevent environmental degradation. There is no mandate that every preserve have trails or other amenities. Routing regional or city trail systems through a preserve is discouraged; however, such a trail may be permitted if alternative routes on nearby roads or along the site perimeter are seriously evaluated and determined to be impractical or undesirable. Decisions on trails and amenities will be determined individually for each site and will be based on site ecology, terrain, soils, activities permitted, and use patterns. 5. Commitment to Education As places for people to enhance their understanding and enjoyment of nature, the preserves are open to informal and formal learning experiences such as self study, guided tours, interpretive signs, brochures, and school programs as long as environmental impact of these activities is minimal. DRAFT A New Season Preservation Plan for Minnesota's Historic Properties 2012-2017 Statewide Factors 1 3 6 24 30 34 35 38 Goals and A Vision Appendix: Bibliography Summary of Public to come Please note: Comments should be address provided below. For comments must be written and comments received will be included in the in e-mail 1"1 State Historic Preservation Office 345 Kellogg Blvd. W. St. Paul, MN 55102 651-259-3450 FAX 651-282-2374 E-MAIL mnshpo@mnhs.org This publication has been financed in part funds the National Park Service, Department of the Interior. the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendations by the Department of the Interior. This program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the U. S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or handicap in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20240. Introduct on Minnesota's historic and arch eological resources are as rich and diverse as its people and its landscape. Each community has a character all its own, whether it's the rugged landscape of the Iron Range, the wide open prairies ofthe southwest, the charming main street of a small river town or the warehouse district of a major metropolitan area. And our story is a patchwork ofthe contributions of generations who came before us. Varied as we are, the people of Minnesota share a deep sense of place. It is the responsibility of each of us to preserve that legacy for future generations. A NEW SEASON FOR HISTORICPRESERVATION In recent years Minnesota's citizens and lawmakers took steps to ensure that preservation of the state's historic and cultural resources would be long-lasting. The result: A new season has dawned for historic preservation in Minnesota. In November 2008, voters gave voice to what the people of Minnesota value when they passed a constitutional amendment creating a new sales tax of 3/8 of a cent to support outdoor heritage, parks and trails, clean waters, and arts and cultural heritage. For the first time, the words "Minnesota history" appear in the state's constitution. And in 2010, after years of concerted effort, the state's preservation community celebrated passage of legislation establishing a new historic rehabilitation tax credit for Minnesota. Now we must leverage these new tools to build on our strong, four-decades-Iong foundation of historic preservation activity. To maximize their potential, the Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) has developed this new five-year plan to serve as a blueprint for all those committed to preserving Minnesota's irreplaceable historic and archaeological resources. 1 WORKING TOGETHER The SHPO, located at the Minnesota Historical Society, is the primary office in the state with expertise in historic preservation. Among its many charges is preparation ofthis statewide historic preservation plan, which assesses Minnesota's progress toward preservation goals set during the planning period and provides direction for the state's preservation community in But the plan across and rural. than anyone agency or organization. It is intended for to be adapted and implemented in communities large and with clear priorities and common goals, the ready to set a new standard for historic 2 Putting the Plan Together Information for this statewide historic preservation plan has been gathered from many sources. Driving that effort is the SHPO's own annual planning process, which encompasses participation from both the public and professional sectors. The SHPO formalizedthatparticipation 20 years ago through a combination of regional meetings forthepublicandperiodic planning sessions with selected groups. The gatherings are designed to identify strengths and weaknesses of current preservation programs and explore trends and issues affecting Minnesota's cultural resources. This process, followed for statewide preservation plans issued in 1995, 2000 and 2006 as well, has been guided from the beginning by the 199 publication, "Preserving Minnesota: Planning for Historic Properties into a New Century." THE SHPO ROLE The State Historic Preservation Office Minnesota's preservation plan.SH . Review the previous . Spearhead the public comments and recommendations. . Assess the state's historic resources preserving them. . Translate this body of information into and implementing full range of in goals IDENTIFYING OUR CONSTITUENTS Key to formulating the state's historic preservation plan is the public - tapping the ideas of a wide range of constituents committed to cultural resources. For this plan, the SHPO identified the following . The general public. . Preservation-related professionals and those familiar with the field of historic preservation and the work ofthe Minnesota SHPO. Participants included Tribal Historic Preservation Officers, the State Review Board, the Minnesota Historical Society Grants Review Committee, statewide and local historic preservation organizations, heritage preservation commissions, Certified Local Governments, Main Street cities, preservation component th estate's input: 3 consultants, other Minnesota Historical Society staff members, historians, architectural historians and archaeologists. . Local and county historical organizations. . American Indian communities. . Federal, state and local government officials and others whose decisions affect or have the potentialto affect historic and cultural resources. . Developers,realestate professionals and people in the construction trades. . Otherspecial-interest populations. PUBUCAND PROFESSIONAL INPUT To communicate with these diverse audiences and solicit input for the statewide plan, the SHPO relies on the following vehicles. Facilitated Public Meetings: Six regional meetings - one in the metropolitan area of Minneapolis/St. Paul and five in greater Minnesota - were facilitated by an outside consultant and attended by SHPO staff to measure perceptions about preservation, identify regional issues and threats to historic properties, and gauge the need for technical assistance and funding. Agency Participation: The SHPO conducted planning sessions with state and federal agency personnel, local heritage preservation commissions, the State Review Board, Grants Review Committee and other individuals. In addition, information on statewide issues affecting historic preservation was gleaned from the planning documents of other agencies, annual reports of heritage preservation commissions and reports of review and compliance activities. Workshops: The SHPO hosted workshops for state andfederal agencies and for other agencies receiving federal funds to discuss concerns about projects affecting historic resources.Several state agencies that lacked comprehensive planning for their cultural resources were targeted for cooperative work over the past five years. Online Survey: Comments from stakeholders and the general public also were solicited through an online survey on the Minnesota Historical Society's website, atool used to gather feedback for the previous plan as well. This time, the quality of the feedback was equally good but the rate of return was considerably lower. Newsletters: The SHPO's two electronic newsletters, The Minnesota Preservation Planner and Local History News, kept constituents informed of the planning process, encouraged attendance at facilitated meeting and urged participation in the online survey. 4 Social Media: Although the number of people accessing the SHPO's blog and Facebook page is relatively small, these avenues provided another means to steer people to the online survey and invite them to review a draft ofthe statewide plan. Ongoing Analysis of Trends and Issues: Periodic roundtable discussions at departmental meetings help SHPOstaff sort through feedback received throughout the year. The steady volume of phone caHs and emails from constituents facing a wide range of preservation problems serves as aninvaluable barometer oftrends and issues, providing real-world case studies forconference and workshop topics as well as aiding the planning process. WORKING IN CONCERT This statewide plan provides the overall framework for the ongoing work of historic preservation - resource identification, evaluation, registration and protection - by all of Minnesota's preservation partners. It is meant to work in concert with other planning documents that address Minnesota's historic preservation needs - MnDOT's Management Plan for Historic Bridges, for example, and the state's disaster plan for historic properties, as well as the plans of local heritage preservation commissions around the state. Over the next five years, the SHPO will test, evaluate and fine-tune strategies presented in this document. The revision process for 2017, will begin in 2015 with a series of listening sessions to then, it will be time for a fresh look at our prog ess and the and preserving Minnesota's historic resources. goals and to be published in By p rotecti ng 5 The Current Picture: Priorities, Partners and Statewide Factors OVERVIEW Minnesota has an immense array of historic properties, from the expected - distinctive houses, county courthouses and commercial districts - to the unexpected - a pipestone quarry, a lime kiln, a covered bridge, a steam freighter shipwreck. Together, they help tell Minnesota's story. These tangible links to our past have been identified and preserved around the state by countless preservation-minded individuals and organizations. The heart ofthat effort is the ongoing work of Minnesota's State Historic Preservation Office, which to date has identified nearly 63,000 historic structures and more than 17,900 archaeological sites. Of these, more than 1,600 properties, including some 150 historic districts, are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. For their transcendent value to the nation as a whole, 25 of Minnesota's National Register properties have also been named National Historic Landmarks. Several hundred more individual properties as well as historic districts encompassing thousands of additional properties have been designated locally by municipalities around the state. Identifying the Resources The SHPO began a systematic inventory of Minnesota's historic resources in 1977 with a county-by-county survey of standing structures. By 1988 an estimated 32,000 historic properties had been identified and evaluated. This early survey work generated a baseline of data still relied upon today. Since that time the SHPO and other preservation partners have undertaken more specialized surveys and cultural resource studies to fill in gaps. Areas offocus have included state-owned buildings, historic bridges, properties built under federal relief programs ofthel930s, University of Minnesota properties, historic farmsteads, highway waysides,properties associated with the logging industry, Woodland tradition archaeological sites, and logging-era dams. Special legislative appropriations and federal grants also have contributed to the body of survey material in such areas as agricultural historic landscapes, the Grand Rounds of Minneapolis, and historic shipwrecks in Lake Superior and other inland lakes and rivers. Many recent surveys have been conducted by federal and state agencies to comply with laws governing specific public and private projects. These surveys are identifying new categories of 6 resources in rural areas (small-town water towers come to mind) as well as automobile-era resources affected by transportation projects. Information generated by all of these surveys is available at the Minnesota SHPO for use by the public and for research and planning by government agencies. Much of the data has been made accessible through searchable databases; information from National Register nominations, for example, is posted on the Minnesota Historical Society and National Park Service websites. At the local level, 33 Minnesota communities with heritage preservation commissions (HPCs) have, since the 1980s, conducted surveys of their own, funded largely by federal Certified Local Government (CLG) grants. Since 2010, grants from the Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund also have supported such work. (The SHPO administers both grant programs.) Minnesota's two largest cities, Minneapolis and St. Paul, have already been updating their earlier surveys Minneapolis completing a lO-year project with CLG grants and St. Paul initiating a similar effort with a 2010 Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund grant. As these funding sources continue to feed the work of a growing number of HPCs, those HPCs will expand the statewide inventory, ensuring that historic properties are duly considered in local planning efforts. Historic Contexts To aid in the identification and the SHPO developed a three-tiered theme and geographic area. That framework, treatment activities, helps determine the ofthe region's history: historic within resources, period, and picture I. Broad statewide patterns encompassing periods: 1650), Contact (1650-1837) and Post-Contact (1837-1945). II. Specific themes, identified as needed, to evaluate properties framework smaller than statewide patterns. in a III. Contexts developed by a particular city or other local area in local planning. 7 Survey Priorities During this next planning period, emphasis will be placed on updating the statewide survey and expanding survey work to address gaps. Financial resources available from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund will help ensure that the work gets done. The priorities: . Update the statewide county-by-county standing structures survey to meet current preservation standards, reflect changes in site conditions and include resources that have become eligible since the original survey was done. This is needed especially in areas where there are no HPCs to initiate the work. . Continue efforts to complete the statewide archaeological survey. Begun in 1977 but finished in only a handful of counties, the archaeological survey is a high priority, especially as development threatens sites near the shorelines of lakes and rivers. Recent appropriations from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund, along with support and leadership from the Office ofthe State Archaeologist, the Minnesota Indian Affairs Council and the Minnesota Historical Society's Archaeology Department, will help ensure that a strategic approach is taken. . Encourage consideration oftraditional cultural properties in all surveys and train surveyors on how to identify them. . Undertake a comprehensive, statewide study of historic landscapes, both urban and rural, and develop additional historic contexts to properly identify, document and evaluate them. . Conduct surveys of post-World War II resources, developing new historic contexts to help identify and evaluate them, especially those in suburban areas that have not previously been considered potentially significant. . Address the aging infrastructure of the SHPO's own survey files and makethedata more widely accessible, in GIS format and as a readily searchable database,sothat the information can be used effectively by future generations for research and historic preservation planning. Preservation Challenges and Opportunities Preservation and treatment of our historic resources remain the biggest challenge facing the historic preservation community. 8 The hurdles to success are many. The Great Recession continues to have a dampening effect, limiting both public and private funds for preservation work as government priorities shift, jobs are threatened and budgets shrink. In addition, a changing social climate has engendered a growing antipathy to government regulation. Amidst such challenges, government officials and property owners alike can lose sight of the benefits of historic preservation. (For more on the challenges facing Minnesota's historic and archaeological properties, see Statewide Factors Affecting HistoricResources, page 18.) Fortunately, two important developments bode well for the future of historic preservation in Minnesota. The passage by voters in 2008 of the Clean Water, Land and Legacy Amendment to the state constitution will generate a multiyear funding stream for history and cultural heritage projects. And passage ofthe Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit in 2010 is helping to counterbalance the difficult economic environment. These developments have created unprecedented opportunities for Minnesota's historic preservation community to work together to preserve our rich heritage. THE PRESERVATION COMMUNITY IN MINNESOTA Interest in historic preservation has grown substantially since the first statewide preservation plan was published in 1991. Minnesota now has a wide and diverse range of preservation organizations, professionals in related fields, skilled artisans, architects and developers with preservation expertise. Any plan to guide preservation efforts in the future must consider these many partners and the varied roles they play. Partners Whose Primary PurIJose Is Historic Preservation Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office The Minnesota Historical Society's SHPO, funded from both federal and plays the lead role in implementing the statewide preservation plan. The Historic Department that houses the SHPO also administers the federally preservation program, several grants programs and the state historic tax credit, enacted in 2010. With staff stretched thin as demand for its services grows, the department is working to broaden its statewide reach through several new avenues - a web site designed to answer frequently asked questions, an electronic newsletter that promotes preservation events and successes, and a social media presence geared to a wider audience. 9 At a time when grant funds have become increasingly scarce, the Minnesota SHPO is fortunate to have witnessed an unprecedented expansion in state-funded grants for historic preservation. Joining the longtime County and Local Historic Preservation Projects Grants Program, which uses state bond funds to aid publicly owned historic properties, is a new initiative, the Minnesota Historical and Cultural Grants Program. The new grant program was made possible by the state's Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund, established after voters in 2008 passed a constitutional amendment providing ongoing funding for a number of causes. During the current economic downturn, this program is proving to be a game changer. (For details on the financial impact ofthis new grant program, see Statewide Factors Affecting Historic Preservation, page 18, and Gauging Our Progress, page 24.) Minnesota's Tribal Historic Preservation Offices The presence of Tribal Historic Preservation Offices (THPOs) in carrying out the provisions ofthe National Historic Preservation Act has been one ofthe most significant developments in the country's preservation movement over the past decade. In the last five years Minnesota has seen the number of its THPOs more than double. The Mille Lacs, Leech Lake and White Earth bands of Ojibwe were joined by the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa Indians, the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa and the Lower Sioux Indian Community as tribes with THPOs. The NPS designates these tribes, at their request, to playa role parallel to the SHPO in administering preservation on their reservations. Minnesota THPOs have focused on archaeological sites and properties and are now working with the SHPO on other types of historic increasing collaboration among tribes. National Trust for Historic Preservation This nonprofit organization provides national historic and isan important partner to Minnesota's preservation community. The National Trust's commitment has been crucial to fostering preservation advocacy and strengthening both statewide nonprofit preservation organizations and local preservation programs. In recent years the Trust has done considerable work to raise awareness of preservation in the state. The organization held its annual National Historic Preservation Conference in St. Paul in 2007, included threatened Minnesota properties on its annual Eleven Most Endangered list (the Fort Snelling Upper Post in 2006 and the Pillsbury A Mill in 2011), and named two Minnesota cities to its annual Dozen Distinctive Destinations (Red Wing in 2008 and St. Paul in 2011). In addition, the Trust provided grant funding for several important preservation initiatives in the 10 state and, through timely outreach from its Midwest Office, offered informed intervention in a number of controversial preservation issues. Preservation Alliance of Minnesota Founded in 1981, the Preservation Alliance is Minnesota's only statewide nonprofit organization dedicated exclusively to the preservation, protection and promotion of historic resources. The Alliance works to preserve Minnesota's cultural resources through preservation advocacy,education and a preservation easement program. The organization is home to the MinnesotaMain Street program, annually issues a list of Minnesota's Ten Most Endangered HistoricProperties, hosts the Minnesota Preservation Awards program and offers tours of historic sites across the state. The Alliance also spearheaded an advocacy campaign, spanning more than a decade, that ultimately led to passage of the Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit in 2010. Other significant strides in recent years: a membership now exceeding 500, a fourfold budget increase since 2006and a full-time staff of four. local Heritage Preservation Commissions (HPCs) There are currently 57 Minnesota communities with local preservation ordinances and established HPCs. These communities are among Minnesota's strongest preservation partners, providing leadership and advocacy on preservation issues across the state despite having little or no local funding and/or professional staff. A total of 43 communities with HPCs participate in the Certified local Government (ClG) program, administered by the SHPO and the National Park Service, making them eligible for federal pass-through grants to conduct surveys, designate historic properties, develop and enforce design guidelines, and undertake a wide range of preservation education activities. Government Plavers Federal Agencies All federal agencies have historic preservation responsibilities under the National Historic Preservation Act. These responsibilities include the stewardship of historic properties owned by the agencies, as well as consideration of how their ongoing work might affect historic properties owned by others. . The National Park Service owns, maintains and interprets historic properties in Minnesota at Voyageurs National Park, the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, and 11 Grand Portage and Pipestone National Monuments, and works to preserve and interpret historic properties in the Mississippi National River and Recreation Area. Through its external programs, the NPS also provides important oversight for historic preservation programs across the country, including the National Register of Historic Places and the work ofthe SHPOs. Through publication of its Preservation Briefs and dissemination of guidelines ontreatment methods for historic properties, the NPS sets stewardship sta n dards forthe nation. . The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) is an independent federal agency that oversees the historic preservation work of other federal agencies in consultation with the SHPOs. The ACHP has authority to intervene in and help resolve complex or controversial preservation projects with federal involvement. The agency also offers training and guidance on federal preservation law and practices. . The U.S. Forest Service owns historic properties in the Superior and Chippewa National Forests and promotes awareness of these resources through Passport In Time, its volunteer archaeology and historic preservation programs. . The Federal Highway Administration is a significant funding source for historic preservation activities, primarily through enhancement-fund grants. The agency also undertakes extensive survey, identification and evaluation projects related to federal transportation improvement programs. Initiatives such as the Context Sensitive Design program and the agency's proactive efforts in tribal consultation have made it responsive to the changing needs of its preservation partners and the state's historic resources. . Among federal agencies with cultural resource professionals on staff are the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the U.S. General Services Administration,the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs,alJINorking to ensure that historic properties are considered as they carry out theirmissions. . The U.S. Department of Agriculture/Rural Development, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the U.S. Department of Energy, the Federal Transit Administration and the Federal Railroad Administration periodically fund or license projects involving sewer and water systems, communications towers, hydropower developments and rail transportation that can affect historic properties. 12 American Indian Tribes Minnesota's tribes have long advocated preserving their cultural resources. In 1992 the National Historic Preservation Act was amended to provide for expanded participation by all tribes in the national preservation program through consultation on federal projects and the establishment of Tribal Historic Preservation Offices (see page 10). In recent years, the input of tribal elders andtribaIcultural resource professionals has broadened the scope of historic preservation inMinnesota, on and off reservation lands. State Agencies The State of Minnesota, through its many agencies, owns numerous historic properties. The principal stewards of state-owned cultural resources are the Minnesota Department of Administration, Department of Natural Resources and Department of Transportation. Many other agencies also undertake activities and projects that may affect historic properties. Some examples: . The Minnesota Department of Administration is responsible for a number of historically significant state-owned buildings. The department also houses the Office of the State Archaeologist (see below). . The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) oversees hundreds of historic resources, including buildings - many from the WPA era - and archaeological sites in state parks and other areas across the state. Those locations also include many significant historic landscapes. A team of DNR cultural resource professionals oversees much ofthe preservation work carried out on resources under DNR stewardship. . The Minnesota Department of Transportation(MnDOT), through its own cultural resources unit, partners with the Federal Highway Administration to carry outthe agencies' preservation responsibilities in Minnesota, particularly their reviewof proposed new highway and bridge projects. Since the last preservation plan was issued in 2006, MnDOT has overseen the survey ofthousands of historic resources across the state, completed a statewide preservation plan for Minnesota's historic bridges, developed context statements for railroads and Woodland Tradition archaeological resources, and collaborated with the SHPO to prepare guidelines for Minnesota Historic Property Records. . The Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development, through such programs as Small Cities Development, provides funds for economic development and community revitalization. 13 . The Minnesota Indian Affairs Council is the official liaison between tribal governments and the State of Minnesota. Its mission is to protect the sovereignty of the 11 Minnesota tribes and the well-being of American Indians throughout the state. The Council works closely with the Office of the State Archaeologist in carrying out responsibilities to protect American Indian burial sites, and serves as a sounding board for policy decisions affecting Indians in Minnesota. . The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, in its environmental planning role, is positioned to encourage consideration of historic resources during planning for feed lots, industrial development and public infrastructure projects. . The Office of the State Archaeologist, established in 1963, sponsors, conducts and directs research into the prehistoric and historic archaeology of Minnesota; protects and preserves archaeological sites and objects; disseminates archaeological information through the publication of reports and articles; identifies, authenticates and protects human burial sites; reviews and licenses archaeological fieldwork in the state; and enforces provisions of MN Statutes 138.31-138.42 and 307.08. . The Minnesota Historical Society is a nonprofit educational and cultural organization established in 1849 to preserve and share Minnesota history. The Society receives major support from the State of Minnesota and performs important functions for the state. In addition to housing Minnesota's SHPO, the Society is the steward of some ofthe state's most significant historic sites; it administers 32 ofthem, many in cooperation with local historical organizations. These sites are a significant tool for preservation, education and outreach, as well as a generator of cultural and heritage tourism around the state. local Governments/Agencies City and county governments, school districts and other local government entities own and manage a wide array of historic properties. Those resources include county courthouses, city and township halls, libraries, schools, fire departments, water towers, and formerly private properties that come to local governments through abandonment or acquisition. local planning and development agencies, as well as elected and appointed officials,areresponsible for implementing municipal policies that may affect both municipal and privately held historic properties. Among communities working to preserve notable local structures and landscapes are Minnesota's five Main Street cities, which joined the National Trust program after it was relaunched in 2010 by the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota in partnership with the SHPO, 14 with a grant from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund. The Main Street program provides communities with a comprehensive strategy for preserving historic buildings and offers the training, tools and support they need to undertake commercial revitalization. Other Oraanizations and Individuals Preservation Professionals Independent historians, architectural historians and archaeologists throughout the state perform contract work for federal and state agencies, local governments, private developers and the SHPO. Other professionals and trades people whose fields have a significant impact on historic resources include architects, builders, contractors, lenders, attorneys and real estate agents. Thanks to work generated through the new state historic rehabilitation tax credit and the Minnesota Historical and Cultural Grants Fund, the pool of preservation professionals in the state is growing. Professional Organizations and Friends Groups A number of professional organizations in the state promote historic preservation and offer education programs for their members. Amongthem: . The American Institute of Architects Minnesota, representing the state's architects, advocates for preservation of Minnesota's historic resources largely through its Historic Resources Committee. Local chapters in Minneapolis and St. Paul collaborate with the HPCs in those cities on annual preservation awards programs that recognize preservation efforts. . The Minnesota Chapter of the American Society Of Landscape Architects, careful stewardship and wise planning of cultural and natural strengthens awareness of historic landscape preservation through continuing education. . Several professional archaeological organizations, including for American Archaeology, the Society for Historical Archaeology, the Plains Society, the Midwest Archaeological Society, the Council for Minnesota Archaeology and the Minnesota Archaeological Society, publish journals, sponsor annual conferences on Midwest archaeology and advocate for resource protection. . The Minnesota Chapter of the American Planning Association promotes the benefits of well-planned, livable communities, of which historic preservation is an important 15 component. The national organization issues publications on the economic, design and cultural benefits of preservation and offers guidance on planning for historic resources. Nonprofit Advocacy and Friends Groups An ever-increasing number of highly visible special-interest nonprofit organizations and friends groups are dedicated to advocating for the state's historic resources: . The Minnesota Chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians, founded in 1973, promotes the preservation of important architectural resources through advocacy, tours, public programs and a quarterly newsletter. . The Friends of Minnesota Barns was formed in 2003. Through its workshops, consultations and annual awards program, the organization works to educate Minnesotans about, and increase their awareness of, the importance of preserving the state's historic barns and farmsteads. . A number of traditional historic preservation groups have formed in the last five years, many ofthem with boards, charters and SOl(c)3 status. They include DOCOMOMO US MN, Dodd Ford Road Bridge Association, Friends of Christ Church Lutheran, Friends of Floral Hall, Friends of the Kirkbride, Friends ofthe Riverfront, Greater Litchfield Opera House Association, Jackson Preservation Alliance, Kasson Alliance for Restoration, Preserve Minneapolis, Minneapolis Historic Homeowners Association, and the Prairie Skyline Foundation. . An emerging group of nontraditional preservation advocates supports historic preservation for reasons other than a dedication to history. This group includes advocates for energy conservation, green building, sustainable development, transit alternatives, environmental quality, job creation, skilled-trades education and cultural tourism development. New alliances with such groups in the coming planning period will strengthen preservation efforts. . Social media-based groups are proving valuable to the historic preservation cause, especially those with short-term goals such as saving a particular historic resource or sharing information on a particular subject. Nearly two dozen such groups have formed in recent years, often disbanding after the group's work is done. 16 County and local Historical Organizations Minnesota is home to more than 400 historical organizations, including county historical societies in each ofthe state's 87 counties. Many ofthese organizations are stewards of historic properties, some of which are administered as house museums, others as general history museums. Increasingly, county and local historical organizations are directing their attention to preservation projectsintheir communities and have become local leaders and vocal advocates for preservation. Many have established websites or social media sites to reach wider audiences, educate the public and seek volunteers. Minnesota History Coalition Recognizing strength in numbers and a united voice, a variety of history and historic preservation organizations formed the loosely organized Minnesota History Coalition in 2008- 2009 to advocate for a shared agenda before the Minnesota legislature. Coalition members included the Minnesota Historical Society, Preservation Alliance of Minnesota, Minnesota Alliance of local History Museums, Minnesota's Historic Northwest, Council for Minnesota Archaeology and Minnesota Archaeological Society. The coalition sponsored meetings around the state to gather input, then presented a recommendation to the legislature to fund history and historic preservation through the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund. Owners and Developers of Historic Properties A majority ofthe state's historic resources are in the hands of private property owners and developers, a group that is key to the success of resource preservation statewide. Many of those individuals appreciate the historical and architectural significance oftheir properties, but others remain unaware oftheir properties' importance. Owners also have varying means and abilities to care for their historic properties. The availability of state historic rehabilitation tax credits to augment the federal tax credits is attracting significant attention from owners and developers alike. 17 STATEWIDE FACTORS AFFECTING HISTORIC RESOURCES Many factors affect historic preservation in Minnesota - from economics and land use patterns to changing demographics and shifting cultural values. This section addresses some of the most pressingstatewideJactors that will likely necessitate changes in how the historic preservation movement goesabout its work. Changing Demographics Minnesota is on the precipice of a great transition: While its population is growing, it is also aging and becoming more diverse as people leave rural areas for the state's urban centers. Population Growth: One ofthe fastest-growing states in the region, Minnesota saw its population growth accelerate in the 2000s. And over the next 25 years the state is expected to grow by another 1.3 million people. But distribution ofthat growth is uneven across the state. Most of it is concentrated in urban centers - Minneapolis and St. Paul (particularly the exurban ring), St, Cloud, Moorhead and Rochester and along a diagonal corridor extending border to border across the state's midsection. At the same time, many rural areas are losing population. Especially hard hit are counties along Minnesota's northern and southern borders and nearly the entire southwestern region ofthe state. An Aging Population: Like the rest ofthe country, Minnesota will experience an unprecedented demographic shift over the next decade as baby boomers reach retirement age. And the labor force is likely to shrink as the number of retirees outpaces the number of younger Minnesotans entering the job market. . Challenge: Population loss in rural areas leads to the abandonment and potential loss of an increasing number of rural historic resources. In some regions, smallcommunities are nearly disappearing from the landscape. . Challenge: In growth areas, especially on the suburban fringe, there will be continued pressure to replace rural landscapes with development; small towns will struggle to maintain their historic character; and archaeological resources will be lost. . Opportunity: The migration of young people to city centers acts as a revitalizing force and stimulates the adaptive reuse of historical buildings in the urban core. 18 . Opportunity: The increasing number of retirees creates a vast pool of volunteers who can serve the needs of nonprofit organizations such as those in the historic preservation field. And reverse migration of retirees to northern and rural communities may strengthen the rural economy while building volunteer capacity for preservation activities there. Diversity: At the same time, Minnesota is becoming more diverse. The 2010 census confirms that much of the state's population growth is tied to its growing minorities. The numbers of Black or African American, Asian, African, Hispanic or Latino, and other nonwhite groups have increased by more than 50 percent in the last decade, while the white population has remained relatively constant. . Challenge: Without the full involvement of currently underrepresented minorities in the field of historic preservation, significant resources associated with their history and culture may be lost. . Opportunity: As minorities are better integrated into the realm of historic preservation, they can play an important role in telling their own stories and in identifying and preserving resources that are important to their heritage. . Opportunity: Minnesota's American Indian tribes and their THPOs have become more actively engaged in historic preservation in the state. They identify and preserve resources important to the tribes, improve tribes and with government agencies, and establish strategies culture and traditions. Economics Economic circumstances in Minnesota during the previous planning period of 2006-2010 were marked by extreme contrasts. Unprecedented growth and development characterized the first half ofthe period, especially in urban centers such as the Twin Cities region,Fargo/Moorhead and Rochester. There was also substantial development, particularly associated with recreational activities, in the state's northern lake country. This rapid growth placed severe pressure on many types of historic resources but also provided opportunities for the rehabilitation and preservation of other properties. The second half of the planning period was dominated by rising unemployment and a major economic recession. Property values plummeted, new development slowed to a trickle, and many homeowners faced foreclosures, some abandoning their properties. It is anticipated that 19 the rate of growth and development in Minnesota will continue at a slower rate into the foreseeable future. But out of this grim economic climate emerged a ray of light. After a decade of trying, historic preservationists succeeded in persuading legislators to include a Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit in a jobs bill signed into law in 2010. Their argument: The rehabilitation ofhistorkhuildings stimulates local economies, creating more jobs and keeping more dollarsinthecommunity than does new construction. . Challenge: In many cities, foreclosures and abandonment of properties have resulted in increased demolition of historic resources. . Opportunity: The slowdown of development, especially in suburban areas, is providing a temporary reprieve from development pressures on historic resources and is buying time to identify historic properties and plan for their preservation. . Opportunity: Decreasing property values have made historic properties more affordable for those who want to acquire and preserve them, at the same time that those lowered values have made demolition and infill construction less profitable for speculators. . Opportunity: Unemployed and underemployed Minnesotans may seek job training in areas such as historic preservation and the trades, where currently shortages oftrained professionals and skilled workers in many The Legacy Amendment Against a backdrop ofthe worst economic downturn voters in 2008 passed a constitutional amendment a new support a variety of causes. Popularly known as the Legacy Amendment, it projects and activities in the areas of outdoor heritage, parks and trails, clean and history and cultural heritage. arts, Of the total annual proceeds from the sales tax, 19.75 percent is Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund (ACHF) to support "arts, arts education and arts and to preserve Minnesota's history and cultural heritage." Already, the impact ofthe new revenue stream has been felt: $6.75 million in grants was distributed in the 2010-2011 biennium, and $10.5 million is available for distribution in 2012-2013. In all, projections based on current sales tax revenues indicate that Minnesotans will invest more than $1.2 billion in ACHF programs and projects over the 25-year life of the tax. 20 . Opportunity: At a time when significant social and demographic changes are transforming the cultural and economic fabric of our communities, the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund holds incredible potential for what can be accomplished for the future of history and historic preservation in Minnesota. . Challenge: The responsibility to spend the funds wisely is shared not only by history, historic preservation and cultural heritage organizations but by all Minnesotans. Leveraging the potential ofthe ACHF will require a citizenry that is culturally literate, technologically savvy, historically aware and creative. And organizations will need to be adaptable and responsive to meet the needs of a more diverse, connected and mobile population. Transportation and Infrastructure Much of Minnesota's public infrastructure is aging. A significant investment in rehabilitation or reconstruction is needed for the state's roads and highways, water and sewer systems, and public utility systems. Of particular concern are our transportation systems. An aging population will demand safer roads and more transit options. And regions ofthe state that are growing will demand alterative modes of transportation and ways to reduce congestion and travel times. . Challenge: As revenues decline, governments are investing less in maintenance so the state's aging infrastructure continues to deteriorate. . Challenge: The development of new infrastructure and transportation systems may adversely affect historic resources. For example, some mass transit options create pressure to increase density, threatening smaller historic buildings. . Opportunity: Many of Minnesota's infrastructure systems are now more thanSOyears old, making them potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. This may afford them greater consideration in the planning process. . Opportunity: Many historic areas, especially those developed during the pre- automobile era, were designed for walkability and mass transit. Land use and transportation planning should strive to maintain and rehabilitate these areas. . Opportunity: As Minnesotans and leisure travelers from surrounding states seek alternatives to long-distance trips, day trips will become more prevalent. Historic communities across the state can attract visitors by capitalizing on their proximity and marketing their heritage tourism efforts. 21 . Opportunity: Increasing demand for alternative modes oftransportation such as walking and biking trails will encourage adaptive reuse of historic transportation corridors. Sustainability and the Environment Minnesota is doing its part to promote sustainability, green energy and other environmental causes. Historic preservationists find themselves ahead ofthe curve with their oft-repeated adage, "The greenest building is the one that's already built." They know that rehabilitating historic resources, rather than demolishing them and replacing them with new construction, voids filling landfills with construction debris and reduces greenhouse gas emissions ssociated with new construction. . Challenge: Despite the many positive benefits of historic preservation on the environment, many people do not closely associate historic preservation with sustainability. . Challenge: Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have the potential to negatively affect historic resources. Wind farms can alter the character of rural landscapes, and solar panels can compromise the character of historic properties iftheir location and placement are not carefully considered. . Opportunity: Many historic buildings were designed with energy-efficient systems such as natural lighting and ventilation. Over time, however, these features have been compromised. Their restoration should be promoted as a means to reduce energy consumption. . Opportunity: The conservation of natural resources may have the additional benefit of preserving some types of traditional cultural properties. Globalization The move toward globalization began in earnest in the decades after World War II and proved particularly beneficial for the United States. Demand for American goods surged between 1940 and 1970, spurring construction of new manufacturing facilities across the country and inaugurating one of the longest periods of sustained economic growth in American history. More recently, however, manufacturing in the U.S. has gone into decline as the availability of cheap labor overseas moved the production of goods offshore, leaving behind an abandoned 22 industrial landscape. In the hands of developers, older brick mills and warehouses have found new life as offices, apartments, condominiums and artist lofts. But mid-20th-century factories - many designed for specific, now-obsolete purposes - are proving more difficult to reuse. . Challenge: The decline of manufacturing in Minnesota has resulted in a glut of vacant industrial facilities across the state. Many of these buildings, though less than 50 years old, are considered white elephants and face the threat of demolition. . Opportunity: A context needs to be developed for identifying resources associated with this significant post-World War II period in American and Minnesota history so that the diversity of property types geographic dispersion can be documented. Criteria for their evaluation will decisions to be made. . Opportunity: For preservation, can be historically significant and worthy of identify potential new uses. This analysis of statewide factors . 2010 United States Census. . Reports and data from the State Development. . Minnesota's 2008-2012 . Minnesota Statewide Transportation Policy Plan, . Minnesota Pollution Control Agency's 2008 Strategic . "A Twenty-Five-Year Vision, Framework, Guiding Heritage Fund," a report to the Minnesota sources, including: and Economic Cultural 23 Gauging Our Progress Minnesota's first statewide historic preservation plan, issued in 1995, outlined an agenda of broad goals for the state's preservation community. Though priorities and strategies for implementation have changed over time as the field of historic preservation evolved and new opportunities arose,those goals have remained largely unchanged. The SHPO monitors ongoing progress toward Minnesota's preservation goals, aided by feedback from individuals and organizations with a stake in historic preservation as well as from the interested public. Following is a summary of just some ofthe accomplishments of Minnesota's many preservation partners around the state over the past five years; others are referenced elsewhere in the plan. Intended to be representative, not exhaustive, this summary is organized around the broad goals put forth in the 2006 statewide historic preservation plan. 1. Create statewide awareness of and appreciation for the value of Minnesota's historic resources. . In 2007 St. Paul hosted the National Trust for Historic Preservation for its annual national preservation conference. Attracting nearly 2,000 preservationists from across the country, the event allowed Minnesota to showcase to a national audience the diversity of its historic resources and its many preservation achievements. The months of preparation as well as the conference itself served to unite the local preservation community, garnered considerable media attention and spawned a new local preservation organization, Preserve Minneapolis. Formed to strengthen a Minneapolis presence at the conference, the organization has grown into a vital voice in the Twin Cities preservation community. . With the aid offederal Certified Local Government grants and Minnesota Historical and Cultural Grants, both administered by the SHPO, the cities of St. Cloud, Little Falls, Wabasha, New Ulm, Northfield and Red Wing have developed programs to increase the visibility of their historic resources and promote heritage tourism. The programs range from guided tours to printed brochures and booklets, interpretative panels and audio tours that can be downloaded to a MP3 player or cell phone. Stillwater went a step further, developing an Heirloom Homes and Landmarks Sites Program to educate the public about the city's history and unique identity; one popular component is a website that offers technical information for property owners on how to maintain historic houses and design compatible additions. . Public archaeology programs also have grown in popularity and reach. Some examples: the annual program at Mille Lacs Kathio State Park, sponsored by the Minnesota DNR, 24 and the public component of an Elk River CLG grant project. These programs allow visitors to directly experience archaeological research, either as participants in a dig or as observers. . Historic preservation has gained visibility across the state in recent years through coverage in print and broadcast media of newsworthy events such as preservation awards in local communities and the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota's annual awards and endangered properties list. . Numerous recent publications also have raised the profile ofthe state's historic resources. Some examples: the AlA Guide to the Twin Cities; books on specific building types, such as courthouses, cabins and schoolhouses of Minnesota; and books on prominent architects, including Edwin Lunde and African American architect Cap Wigington. . Historic preservation efforts are gaining momentum and reaching a wider reach through the use of social media and electronic newsletters. Recent years have seen the creation of some 30 special-interest groups to promote particular historic properties and take on threats to others. . Cooperative Stewardship workshops, first held in 2005 and planned for 2006 and beyond to promote resource protection and raise awareness about the risks to Minnesota's archaeological resources, lost momentum when funding ran out. But the observation each spring of Archaeology Week remains strong, involving a growing number of organizations under the leadership of the Office of the State Archaeologist. 2. Encourage integration of historic preservationatalllevelsofplanning. . The Metropolitan Council requires all city councils, town boards and county boards throughout the seven-county Twin Citiesrnetropolitan areatoupdate their comprehensive plans every 10 years. A new 10wear cycle began in 2008, with many plans now including chapters to address local cultural resources. The City ofSLPaul developed its first-ever historic preservation plan as part ofthis process. By intluding preservation their comprehensive plans, cities are taking a critical step toward ensuring that historic preservation receives equal consideration among other,otten-competing interests such as economic development, environmental protection, transportation and urban design. . Years of effort by an interagency task force have borne fruit in the completion of a Master Plan for the preservation and adaptive reuse of Fort Snelling's Upper Post. The plan includes recommendations for contemporary uses, structure preservation, infill development, transit connections, governance and financing. Together with stabilization 25 and preservation of building exteriors, completed in recent years by Hennepin County in partnership with the DNR, this comprehensive plan sets the stage for implementation. . A number of communities around the state have developed or updated preservation plans to guide their historic preservation commissions in making planning decisions. For example, the cities of Eden Prairie and Newport each developed management plans for their city-owned buildings. Waseca, Mankato, Fergus Falls and Chaska - all CLG communities developed historic contexts as a first step in planning for the future of their historic resources. And St. Cloud and several other cities updated their preservation ordinances. . The Minnesota Department of Transportation completed the state's Historic Bridge Plan, a proactive effort to protect the state's significant historic bridges. In addition, the Stillwater Bridge Management Plan was completed under terms of the Memorandum of Agreement for the St. Croix Crossing. . Planning efforts by the City of Minneapolis for its Warehouse Historic District included a survey of historic streets and pavement types and a Heritage Streets Plan to preserve them. . The University of Minnesota Morris completed a preservation plan for its campus, a National Register historic district. . The Programmatic Agreement for the Central Corridor, a major light-rail initiative connecting downtown Minneapolis and St. Paul, was signed, work is now underway. From resource identification to station area design, project has integrated historic preservation concerns throughout. 3. Expand the statewide network of organizations and preservation . Since the last statewide preservation plan in 2006, PreservationAUiance of Minnesota has made major strides. Membership now exceeds 500, the budgethas increased nearly fourfold, and its staff grew from one part-time employeetofour full- time positions, including a field representative and a Main Street coordinator. Through these expansions, the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota now trulyfulfills its role of serving communities across the state. . Four additional tribes - the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa Indians, Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa and the Lower Sioux Indian Community - have assumed certain SHPO responsibilities, bringing the number of Minnesota Tribal Historic Preservation Offices to seven. The application for the Upper Sioux Indian Community is pending final certification by the National Park Service. 26 . The Minnesota Main Street program was relaunched in 2010, naming five cities as Main Street communities in the program's first 18 months. Another 22 cities were designated associate communities. The reenergized Main Street program, under the leadership of the Preservation Alliance with financial support from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund in partnership with the SHPO, has created another major avenue for Minnesota communities to engage with historic preservation. . After passing new local preservation ordinances or strengthening existing ones, six more local governments have earned Certified Local Government status, bringing the number of CLGs in the state to 43. The new CLGs are Florence Township in Goodhue County, Fergus Falls, Waseca, Litchfield, Mankato and North St. Paul. The total number of Minnesota communities with local heritage preservation commissions statewide now stands at 57. . The Preservation Alliance of Minnesota is expanding the state's network of preservation partners by reaching a new audience with new tools: historic preservation training for realtors. 4. Promote historic preservation as an economic development tool and provide economic incentives that encourage it. . In 2010 Minnesota became the 31st state to enact a statewide historic preservation tax credit. After years of lobbying and advocacy efforts by the preservation community, the Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit was passed by the Minnesota Legislature and signed into law by the governor as part of a jobs bill to foster job creation, increase the local tax base and encourage community revitalization. In the first year, 24 projects applied for the new state tax credit, which works in combination with the existing federal historic tax credit - a sizable jump from the previous year, when only two projects sought the federal tax credit. . In 2008 Minnesota voters approved a constitutional amendment known as the Clean Water, Land and Legacy Amendment, establishing a sales tax increase of 3/8 of a cent to create four funds supporting a variety of causes. The Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund will receive 19.75 percent of revenues generated from the increase to support arts, arts education and arts access and to preserve Minnesota's history and cultural heritage. This new revenue stream will change the landscape of funding for history and historic preservation for the next 25 years. . The statehood sesquicentennial in 2008 leveraged a one-time $500,000 appropriation to supplement the state's modest grants-in-aid program. A significant portion of that funding assisted historic properties. 27 . State flood relief appropriations in 2007 and 2010 included $250,000 to cover preservation needs for historic properties damaged in the flooding. . The Minnesota Main Street program, relaunched in 2010 (see goal #3 above), can be characterized largely as a tool for economic development and community revitalization. 5. Identify, evaluate and designate significant historic and archaeological resources. . In the five years since the last statewide historic preservation plan was issued, nearly 8,450 structures and 1,130 archaeological sites have been identified. . A total of 52 individual properties and eight historic districts encompassing 400 properties were listed on the National Register of Historic Places between Jan. 1, 2006, and Sept. 20, 2011. Five archaeological sites also were added to the Register during that period. In addition, four properties were designated National Historic Landmarks, bringing the number in Minnesota to 25. . Among the resources added to the National Register are several associated with underrepresented cultural groups, including the People's Union Church in Otter Tail County, a nondenominational religious gathering place administered by women. . In reviews of federal and state projects, nearly 500 Minnesota properties were evaluated as eligible for listing on the National Register, according them protection under federal law. . A total of 68 proposed designations of historic resources by local communities were reviewed, adding protection for them at the local level. . Legacy grant and partnership funds contributed significantly in 2010-2011 to survey, evaluation and registration work. More than $160,000 supported historic and archaeological surveys, approximately $60,000 funded evaluation projects, and $87,000 funded completion of nominations for 16 properties to be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. . With funding from a federal Preserve America grant, the SHPO completed a comprehensive survey and National Register nomination documentation of the Gran Rounds in Minneapolis, laying the groundwork for formal recognition of this revered cultural landscape. 6. Encourage appropriate management and treatment of historic resources . The cities of Carver, Faribault and Winona used CLG grant funds to develop design guidelines for historic properties in their communities. . Reuse studies were completed for a number ofthreatened or underused historic properties, including the Anderson House in Wabasha, B'Nai Abraham Synagogue in 28 Virginia, the Bemidji Carnegie Library in Bemidji and the Cummins-Grill House in Eden Prairie. . To implement national and state preservation laws, governmental and private partners have developed cultural resource management plans such as Xcel Energy's plan for hydroelectric facilities in the Saint Anthony Falls Historic District, Chippewa National Forest's the Rabideau CCC Camp, and the Minnesota Department of Military Affairs Ripley. 29 Goals and Strategies for 2012-2017 These goals and strategies have been shaped with input from Minnesota's historic preservation community to give direction to our work over the next five years. It is up to each of us to pursue them in our own way, whether it's by defining specific objectives and measurable outcomes for a preservation organization or by volunteering for a favorite preservation cause. Though the means to reach them may vary, these goals unite us in our statewide effort to preserve the state's historic resources. 1. Preserve the places that matter: Identify, designate and protect historic and archaeological resources in Minnesota. . Leverage Legacy funds and other financial resources for strategic surveys to update inventory data, and make the information widely accessible through new technology. . Step up efforts to fill gaps in the survey record, focusing on archaeological resources, cultural landscapes and resources ofthe recent past. . Strategically designate historic propertiestolocal registers and the Register, bringing those resources increased recognition and protection encouraging use of grant and tax credit assistance when appropriate. . Increase protections for significant resources by (Environmental Quality Board rules, for example) and establishment of local preservation ordinances. state laws . Focus advocacy and resources on threatened and underused, high-profile National Register properties such as Fort Snelling's Upper Post, the Pillsbury A Mill and the Fergus Falls State Hospital Complex. 30 2. Promote preservation's economic benefits: Strengthen and leverage the connections between historic preservation, community economic vitality and sustainability. . Use stateand federal preservation tax credits as incentives for adaptive reuse of historic sites and structures. . Evaluate and publicize annually the economic impacts ofthe Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit, and advocate for its reauthorization. . Develop and implement a strategy for resurrecting Minnesota's "This Old House" law to create incentives for rehabilitating historic properties and revitalizing residential neighborhoods and to combat the loss of historic fabric from tear-downs. . Through increased participation, advocacy and stable funding, ensure the future for a thriving Minnesota Main Street program as a proven tool for revitalizing historic commercial centers . Encourage Legacy grant applications that result in job creation and/or job training in preservation and construction trades. . Document and publicize the economic value and sustainability of traditional historic districts and site rehabilitation projects, and showcase energy-efficient preservation projects. . Compile a directory of skilled preservation trade practitioners and businesses. 3. Educate, educate, educate: Reach out to Minnesotans with education, training and volunteer opportunities that build a foundationfor effective preservation action. . Leverage Legacy funds and other resources to develop a historic preservation curriculum adaptable for all ages, including grades K-12 and trade and technical schools. 31 . Enhance interpretation of cultural resources and historic sites around the state by integrating compelling, instructional stories of historic preservation. . Develop and implement hands-on workshops and training opportunities that demonstrate effective treatment techniques for historic resources. . and support for heritage preservation commissions, local owners of historic properties to enhance preservation simplify, explain and enforce local, state and federal . vehicles to reach wider and more connect the Minnesota's preservation diverse . Develop and volunteer base opportunities to equip, train and mobilize an increased at all levels of historic preservation activity. 4. Increase diversity in the historic preservation community: Encourage participation by all Minnesotans to reflect the breadth of the state's population, story, geography and resource base. . Create volunteer, training and professionalopportunitiesinthe that involve underrepresented immigrantgroups and racial/ethnic . Strengthen communication, coordination and consultation with communities. Encourage tribes to expand and enhance their programs and develop additional preservation expertise. . Expand survey and designation efforts to include properties associated with underrepresented groups and to assure that all regions of the state are fairly represented and served. 32 . Create scholarship and internship opportunities to increase participation in conferences, training and workshops that reach Minnesota's diverse populations. . Include groups devoted to green and sustainable development in the network of preservation partners. 5. Lead the way: Develop leaders at all levels to strengthen Minnesota's preservation network. .. Create a united voice in advocating for the use of Legacy funds to benefit historic preservation, as the Minnesota History Coalition did for history. . Establish a preservation response team to better coordinate efforts when historic resources are imminently at risk. . Through the cooperative efforts of Minnesota's preservation partners and by tapping resources at the state and national levels, develop and implement a training program for preservation leaders, including training opportunities for local heritage preservation commissions. . Increase the capacity of Minnesota's statewide, regional and local nonprofit preservation partners by enlisting, training and referring volunteers for historic preservation programs and projects. . Encourage placement of preservation professionals in key agencies preservation training into their existing leadership training programs. 33 A Vision for the Future How might historic preservation look in Minnesota atthe end ofthis 2012-2017 planning period? With the preservation community united in its stewardship of Minnesota's richresources, it is sure to be thriving in all its dimensions: . Preservation will be seen a broad, inclusive movement that identifies, protects, preserves and interprets important places and events associated with all people who have contributed to Minnesota's past. . Historic resources in their many forms-the built environment, landscapes, archaeological sites-will be recognized and celebrated by all citizens as a record of our rich cultural heritage. . Community leaders and property owners alike will see preservation as an essential tool for revitalizing Minnesota's cities, towns and neighborhoods and for saving a disappearing countryside. . The preservation community will be a strong network of people from diverse cultures, backgrounds and disciplines, working together to leverage the human and financial resources necessary to make preservation across the state. All of us have a vested interestihMinnesota'Sfuture. Join in goals and strategies set forth in this statewidepreservation public and private action. By doing so, our egacywill the for one 34 Appendix: Preservation Legislation Historic preservation in Minnesota is governed by a combination of federal, state and local laws and regulations and supported by a variety of funding sources. The State Historic Preservation Office can serve as a first stop for help in understanding and using these resources. FEDERAL LEGISLATION National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (16 USC 470 et seq.). The most comprehensive federal law pertaining to the protection of cultural resources, this legislation established State Historic Preservation Offices in each state, created the National Register of Historic Places and framed a partnership among federal, state, tribal and local agencies. Among the law's provisions: . Section 106 requires federal agencies to consider the effect of their activities on historic properties and to afford the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation the opportunity to comment on those activities. In practice, this provision is administered under regulations defined in 36 CFR 800 that require federal agencies to consult with the appropriate State Historic Preservation Office in all undertakings. Certain projects with effects on historic properties also are referred to the Advisory Council. . Section 110 defines the broad requirements for preservation programs in federal agencies. Other Federal Laws Concerning Protection of Cultural Resources: National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended (42 USC 4321 and4331-4335). Archaeological and Historic Preservation Act of 1974, as amended (16U$( 469-469c- 2). American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978, as amended (42 USC 1996 and 1996a). Archeological Resources Protection Act of 1979, as amended (16 USC 470aa-mm). Abandoned Shipwrecks Act of 1987 (43 U.s.e. 2101-2106). Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990, as amended (25 USC 3001 et seq.). 35 STATE LAWS CONCERNING HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 138. Designates the director ofthe Minnesota Historical Society as the State Historic Preservation Officer (MS 138.081) and places responsibility for Minnesota's historic preservation program firmly with the Minnesota Historical Society. Chapter 138 also contains sections pertaining to historic and archaeological resources; . Minnesota Field Archaeology Act (MS 138.31-138.42). Establishes the Office ofthe State Archaeologist; requires licenses to engage in archaeology on public land; establishes ownership, custody and use of objects and data recovered during survey; and requires state agencies to submit development plans to the State Archaeologist, the Minnesota Historical Society and the Minnesota Indian Affairs Council for review when there are known or suspected archaeological sites in the area. . Minnesota Historic Sites Act (MS 138.661-138.669). Establishes the State Historic Sites Network and the State Register of Historic Places, and requires that state agencies consult with the Minnesota Historical Society before undertaking or licensing projects that may affect properties on the network or on the State or National Registers of Historic Places. . Minnesota Historic Districts Act (MS 138.71-138.75). historic districts and enables local governing bodies to to provide architectural control in these areas. certain Related State Laws and Rules: Minnesota Private Cemeteries Act (MS 307.08). or skeleta remains on public or private land. Minnesota Environmental Rights Act (MS Considers historic resources as p rt ofthe natural resources continuum, according them protections under the act. Minnesota Environmental Quality Board Rules. These pertain to state Environmental Assessment Worksheets and Environmental Impact Statements. Minnesota Shoreland Management Rules (Mn Rules 6120.2500-6120.3900). Wetland Conservation Act Rules. STATE LAWS RELATING TO FUNDING FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 290.0681 and 2971.20. Establishes the Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit, signed into law in April 2010 as part of a jobs bill to 36 stimulate job creation, community revitalization and private investment in historic properties. The state tax credit, covering 20 percent of eligible rehabilitation costs, must be used in conjunction with the 20-percent federal historic preservation tax credit. This results in tax credits totaling 40 percent of eligible costs, effectively incentivizing historic preservation. Like the federal credit, the Minnesota tax credit applies only to income- producing properties. The program is administered by the State Historic Preservation Office in partnership with the Minnesota Department of Revenue. The credit is set to expire aftediscal year2015 unless it is reauthorized. Clean Water, land and legacy Amendment to the Minnesota Constitution, Article XI. Approved by Minnesota voters in November of 2008, the legacy Amendment supports outdoor heritage, clean water, and parks and trails as well as arts, history and cultural heritage. A portion of the funds has been appropriated to the Minnesota Historical Society to be administered in a grants program; this marks an important new source of funding for historic preservation in the state. Because the amendment was written to continue over a 25-year period, it promises a sustained, long-term investment in Minnesota's cultural resources. LOCAL GOVERNMENT HISTORIC STATE LAW AUTHORIZED BY Minnesota Statutes 471.193. Enables local preservation commissions and promote most comprehensive protection for government level where most decisions the 37 Bibliography Alanen, Arnold R. Morgan Park: Duluth, u.s. Steel, and the Forging of a Company Town. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007. Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund Planning Committee. 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